SGER: Microorganisms in Sub-ice Sediments from The Western Antarctic Ice Sheet, Ice Stream C

SGER：南极西部冰盖冰下沉积物中的微生物，冰流 C

• 批准号: 0314293
• 负责人: Brian Lanoil
• 金额: $ 7.5万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-02-15 至 2004-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0314293&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Microorganisms; Sub; ice; Sediments

Ice streams of the Western Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) are thought to have unfrozen, water-saturated sediments at their base. Similar water-rock-ice interfaces beneath Arctic and alpine glaciers have been demonstrated to house abundant microbial communities which, through their metabolic activities, affect the geochemistry of these environments. If microbial communities are present in the sediments beneath the WAIS ice streams, they will have been isolated from outside environmental influences for a minimum of 20,000 years. This projectwill focus on the molecular characterization of microbes in a unique sediment core collected from beneath Ice Stream C, WAIS (WAISC) with two main hypotheses: 1) There is a unique microbial community present in the WAISC sediments, and 2) The WAISC sediment microbial community is active at near in situ conditions. The WAISC sediment microbes will be compared to microbes from other subglacial and marine sedimentary systems and microbes with geochemically-relevant metabolic activitie will be isolated. Work will be coordinated with other laboratories for pore water chemistry and sediment physical parameters to define this unique habitat. Resulting data should provide insight into microbial population dynamics and survival mechanisms in this cold, dark, and isolated environment. Furthermore, this study will expand our knowledge of microbial community structure and function to include Antarctic subglacial environments and may provide insights into possible roles of microbes during extreme "Snowball Earth" events and astrobiology. This project will support the training of a postdoctoral scholar and an undergraduate student in an interdisciplinary research project. The PI will use concepts from this project in both an introductory undergraduate course and a graduate level course. Data, images, and other materials will be made available through a publicly available web site.

南极西部冰原（WAIS）的冰流被认为在其底部有未冻结的、水饱和的沉积物。北极和高山冰川下类似的水-岩-冰界面已经被证明容纳了丰富的微生物群落，通过它们的代谢活动，影响这些环境的地球化学。如果微生物群落存在于WAIS冰流下面的沉积物中，那么它们至少已经与外界环境的影响隔绝了2万年。本项目将重点研究从冰流C， WAIS （WAISC）下收集的独特沉积物岩心中微生物的分子特征，主要有两个假设：1)在WAISC沉积物中存在独特的微生物群落，2)WAISC沉积物微生物群落在近原位条件下活跃。WAISC沉积物微生物将与其他冰下和海洋沉积系统的微生物进行比较，并将分离出具有地球化学相关代谢活性的微生物。工作将与其他实验室协调孔隙水化学和沉积物物理参数，以确定这一独特的栖息地。由此得出的数据将有助于深入了解在这种寒冷、黑暗和孤立的环境中微生物种群动态和生存机制。此外，这项研究将扩大我们对微生物群落结构和功能的认识，包括南极冰下环境，并可能为微生物在极端“雪球地球”事件和天体生物学中的可能作用提供见解。本项目将支持培养一名博士后学者和一名本科生进行跨学科研究项目。项目负责人将在本科入门课程和研究生课程中使用该项目的概念。数据、图像和其他材料将通过一个公开的网站提供。