PBI: Solanum: A Worldwide Treatment

PBI：Solanum：一种全球治疗方法

• 批准号: 0316614
• 负责人: Lynn Bohs
• 金额: $ 436万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0316614&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PBI; Solanum; Worldwide; Treatment

Prof. Lynn Bohs of the University of Utah and her colleagues Michael Nee at the New York Botanical Garden, David Spooner of the University of Wisconsin-USDA Vegetable Crops Research Unit, and Sandra Knapp of the Natural History Museum in London and several additional colleagues are creating a comprehensive taxonomic inventory of the large, economically important plant genus Solanum, with an estimated 1500 species worldwide. The genus includes such major crops as tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplants and numerous lesser-known crops of tropical and subtropical regions, as well as sources of pharmaceutical agents and also poisonous weeds (like deadly nightshade). Solanum is the focus of several large-scale genomics initiatives and also serves as a model system for the investigation of plant breeding systems, pollination biology, and fruit dispersal. Yet, no comprehensive modern treatment exists for the taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus on a worldwide basis. This project will produce a species-level treatment for the entire group, using existing herbarium and germplasm resources augmented by targeted field collecting with colleagues in South America, Africa, and Madagascar, and organized by a framework of phylogenetic relationships among the species, sections, and subgenera constructed from DNA sequence data integrated with selected morphological characters. The primary goal is creation of a Web-accessible relational database mirrored in the U.S. and the U.K. that supports five modules: new and archival information on species names and supporting vouchers and literature; interactive identification keys with pictorial glossary of plant parts; digital images of plants and habitats and associated pollinators and herbivores where known; specimen database to herbarium vouchers and geo-referenced collections; and molecular sequence and phylogenetic information, linked to GenBank and to resources in the plant genomics field. Because of the worldwide economic importance of Solanum in agriculture, information obtained from this project will benefit society as a whole by enhancing breeding programs for the improvement of cultivated species, adding systematic and phylogenetic value to genomics initiatives, and contributing to the conservation of wild Solanum species including those that may be useful as germplasm resources. Students at all levels, from undergraduate to postdoctoral, will participate in field, herbarium, and laboratory research, along with colleagues on five continents. Outreach to the public will be achieved through presentations by the investigators and colleagues in popular media and through interaction with the Darwin Centre Live program in England, in which scientific presentations are live-streamed to the Internet and archived and available on-line. Co-funding for this ambitious, challenging taxonomic enterprise comes from the NSF Office of International Science and Engineering and from the Plant Genome Research Program.

犹他大学的Lynn Bohs教授和她的同事纽约植物园的Michael Nee，威斯康星大学-美国农业部蔬菜作物研究小组的David Spooner，伦敦自然历史博物馆的Sandra Knapp以及其他几位同事正在创建一个大型的，具有重要经济意义的植物属Solanum的全面分类清单，估计全世界有1500种。该属包括番茄、土豆和茄子等主要作物，以及热带和亚热带地区许多鲜为人知的作物，也是药物制剂和毒草（如致命的龙葵）的来源。龙葵是几个大型基因组学计划的重点，也是植物育种系统，授粉生物学和果实传播研究的模型系统。然而，没有一个全面的现代处理存在的分类和系统发育属在世界范围内的基础上。该项目将利用现有的植物标本馆和种质资源，通过与南美、非洲和马达加斯加的同事进行有针对性的实地收集，对整个群体进行物种水平的处理，并根据DNA序列数据与选定的形态特征相结合构建的物种、区段和亚属之间的系统发育关系框架进行组织。主要目标是创建一个以美国和英国为镜像的网络访问关系数据库，该数据库支持五个模块：关于物种名称和支持凭证和文献的新信息和档案信息；具有植物部分图形词汇表的交互式识别键；已知的植物和栖息地以及相关传粉媒介和食草动物的数字图像；标本数据库转为植物标本馆凭单和地理参考馆藏；分子序列和系统发育信息，链接到基因库和植物基因组学领域的资源。由于茄属植物在世界范围内具有重要的农业经济价值，从该项目中获得的信息将通过加强栽培品种的育种计划，增加基因组学计划的系统和系统发育价值，并有助于保护野生茄属植物，包括那些可能作为种质资源有用的物种，从而使整个社会受益。各个层次的学生，从本科生到博士后，将与来自五大洲的同事一起参与野外、植物标本室和实验室的研究。通过研究者和同事在大众媒体上的演讲，以及与英国达尔文中心现场节目的互动，向公众进行宣传。在英国达尔文中心现场节目中，科学演讲被直播到互联网上，并存档并在线提供。这项雄心勃勃的、具有挑战性的分类学事业的共同资助来自美国国家科学基金会国际科学与工程办公室和植物基因组研究计划。