Phylogeny of the Spiny Solanums (Solanaceae)

这个项目将研究所谓的“多刺茄子”之间的进化关系，多刺茄子是茄科(西红柿或土豆家族)中约450种植物的一组。这一类包括经济上重要的水果作物，如茄子(茄子)、露露或纳兰吉拉(茄子)和椰子(番茄子)，以及具有潜在药用糖类生物碱来源的物种。多刺茄子在形态和繁殖生物学上表现出很大的变化，并在热带地区显示出有趣的生物地理模式。尽管龙葵具有作为经济作物的潜力，也可以作为研究生物学问题的模式系统，但多刺茄属的分类和系统发育一直被忽视。系统发育分析的主要数据将来自三个基因或基因区域的DNA测序，突变差异的测量用于确定多刺茄属群体内的主要谱系。将从核糖体和蜡质基因以及叶绿体基因区域获得序列，从代表该群体尽可能多的分类多样性的样本物种样本中获得序列。这些数据集将被单独和组合分析，以获得多刺茄子内进化关系的总体视图。计划与当地植物学家合作，前往墨西哥和厄瓜多尔收集材料进行形态和分子分析。更详细的采样将放在两个重点组，乳房链霉菌和淡色链霉菌组，以澄清物种水平上的关系，并检查花生物学、生物地理学、水果化学和形态学的进化模式。这个项目将通过雇用博士后助理和本科生来帮助教和学，他们将接受分类学、分子方法和数据分析方面的培训。通过国外采集和标本馆之旅，以及与美国和国外的茄科专家的互动，将产生大量的国内和国际合作。该项目将产生广泛的DNA序列数据以及标本收藏、叶片和DNA样本以及种质材料，这些数据将分发给国际储存库并可供广泛传播。作为该项目的一部分，预计收集的科学信息将通过增加重要或新兴作物品种的农学潜力，如茄子、露露和椰子，并有助于保护经济有用的植物种质，从而影响人类。

0235339BohsThis project will examine evolutionary relationships among the so-called "spiny Solanums," a group of about 450 species of plants in the Solanaceae (tomato or potato family). Included within this group are economically important fruit crops such as the eggplant (Solanum melongena), the lulo or naranjilla (S. quitoense), and the cocona (S. sessiliflorum) as well as species with potential as sources of glycoalkaloids useful in medicine. The spiny Solanums exhibit much variation in their morphology and reproductive biology and show intriguing biogeographical patterns through the tropics. Despite their potential as economic crops and their use as model systems for the study of biological questions, the taxonomy and phylogeny of the spiny Solanums have been neglected.The primary data for the phylogenetic analyses will come from DNA sequencing of three genes or gene regions, with measures of mutational differences used to define major lineages within the spiny Solanum group. Sequences will be obtained from the nuclear ribosomal and waxy genes and from chloroplast gene regions, from exemplar species samples representing as much of the taxonomic diversity of the group as possible. These data sets will be analyzed separately and in combination to achieve an overall view of evolutionary relationships within the spiny Solanums. Collecting trips to Mexico and Ecuador are planned to gather material for morphological and molecular analyses, in collaboration with local botanists. More detailed sampling will taxa place in two focal groups, the S. mammosum and S. quitoense groups, in order to clarify relationships at the species level and examine evolutionary patterns of floral biology, biogeography, and fruit chemistry and morphology.This project will contribute to teaching and learning by employing post-doctoral associates and undergraduate students who will be trained in taxonomy, molecular methods, and data analysis. Substantial national and international collaboration will result through foreign collecting and herbarium trips and interaction with Solanaceae specialists in the U.S. and abroad. This project will generate extensive DNA sequence data as well as herbarium collections, leaf and DNA samples, and germplasm accessions that will be distributed to international repositories and available for wide dissemination. The scientific information gathered as part of this project is expected to impact humankind by increasing the agronomic potential of important or emerging crop species such as the eggplant, lulo, and cocona and by contributing to conservation of germplasm of economically useful plants.