Phylogeny of the Spiny Solanums (Solanaceae)

0235339 Bohs这个项目将研究所谓的“多刺茄”之间的进化关系，“多刺茄”是茄科（番茄或马铃薯科）大约450种植物的一个类群。 这一组包括经济上重要的水果作物，如茄子（Solanum melongena）、lulo或naranjilla（S. quitoense）和cocona（S.无梗花属（sessiliflorum））以及具有作为药用配糖生物碱来源潜力的物种。 多刺茄在形态和生殖生物学上表现出很大的变化，并在热带地区表现出有趣的地理分布模式。 尽管它们作为经济作物的潜力和作为模式系统的生物学问题的研究，多刺茄的分类和系统发育一直被忽视，系统发育分析的主要数据将来自三个基因或基因区域的DNA测序，与突变差异的措施，用于确定主要谱系内的多刺茄组。 序列将从核核糖体和蜡质基因和叶绿体基因区域获得，从代表尽可能多的组的分类多样性的示范物种样品。 这些数据集将被单独分析和组合，以实现多刺茄属内进化关系的整体视图。 计划与当地植物学家合作，前往墨西哥和厄瓜多尔收集材料，用于形态和分子分析。 更详细的采样将分类群的地方在两个焦点组，S。mammasum和S. quitoense组，以澄清在物种水平上的关系，并研究花生物学，植物地理学，水果化学和形态学的进化模式。本项目将有助于教学，通过雇用博士后助理和本科生谁将在分类学，分子方法和数据分析的培训。 大量的国家和国际合作将通过国外收集和植物标本馆旅行以及与美国和国外的茄科专家的互动而产生。 这一项目将产生大量的DNA序列数据以及植物标本集、叶片和DNA样本以及种质资源，这些将分发给国际储存库，供广泛传播。 作为该项目一部分收集的科学信息预计将通过增加重要或新兴作物物种（如茄子、lulo和可可）的农学潜力以及通过促进经济有用植物种质的保护来影响人类。

0235339BohsThis project will examine evolutionary relationships among the so-called "spiny Solanums," a group of about 450 species of plants in the Solanaceae (tomato or potato family). Included within this group are economically important fruit crops such as the eggplant (Solanum melongena), the lulo or naranjilla (S. quitoense), and the cocona (S. sessiliflorum) as well as species with potential as sources of glycoalkaloids useful in medicine. The spiny Solanums exhibit much variation in their morphology and reproductive biology and show intriguing biogeographical patterns through the tropics. Despite their potential as economic crops and their use as model systems for the study of biological questions, the taxonomy and phylogeny of the spiny Solanums have been neglected.The primary data for the phylogenetic analyses will come from DNA sequencing of three genes or gene regions, with measures of mutational differences used to define major lineages within the spiny Solanum group. Sequences will be obtained from the nuclear ribosomal and waxy genes and from chloroplast gene regions, from exemplar species samples representing as much of the taxonomic diversity of the group as possible. These data sets will be analyzed separately and in combination to achieve an overall view of evolutionary relationships within the spiny Solanums. Collecting trips to Mexico and Ecuador are planned to gather material for morphological and molecular analyses, in collaboration with local botanists. More detailed sampling will taxa place in two focal groups, the S. mammosum and S. quitoense groups, in order to clarify relationships at the species level and examine evolutionary patterns of floral biology, biogeography, and fruit chemistry and morphology.This project will contribute to teaching and learning by employing post-doctoral associates and undergraduate students who will be trained in taxonomy, molecular methods, and data analysis. Substantial national and international collaboration will result through foreign collecting and herbarium trips and interaction with Solanaceae specialists in the U.S. and abroad. This project will generate extensive DNA sequence data as well as herbarium collections, leaf and DNA samples, and germplasm accessions that will be distributed to international repositories and available for wide dissemination. The scientific information gathered as part of this project is expected to impact humankind by increasing the agronomic potential of important or emerging crop species such as the eggplant, lulo, and cocona and by contributing to conservation of germplasm of economically useful plants.