Chemical Studies of Natural Inducers of Larval Settlement and Metamorphosis for Two Species of Phestilla (Opisthobranchia)

两种后鳃亚纲（后鳃亚纲）幼虫定居和变态天然诱导剂的化学研究

• 批准号: 0317707
• 负责人: Valerie Paul
• 金额: $ 3.14万
• 依托单位: Smithsonian Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-12-31 至 2004-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0317707&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Studies; Natural; Inducers; Larval

The objective of this research is to isolate and characterize the natural chemical inducers of larval settlement and metamorphosis for two related species of the nudibranch Phestilla. The two species consume scleractinian corals, but have different host preferences. The active molecules are potent morphogens, and profoundly influence the development of the nudibranchs. Natural inducers will be studied for Phestilla sibogae, which feeds on Porites corals, and P. melanobrachia, which feeds on dendrophyllid corals such as Tubastrea spp. Isolation of active compounds will be carried out by chromatographic separations of active extracts with subsequent bioassays of larval settlement to determine which fractions induce settlement and metamorphosis. Once purified, NMR and other spectroscopic methods will be used to elucidate the structures of active inducers. The chemical profiles of different species of corals can also be examined by analytical HPLC to determine whether the same active compounds are present in related corals. Comparison of the settlement cues for two related species of nudibranch will provide information on the ecology and evolution of host preference and the responses to soluble chemical cues for specialist marine invertebrates.

本研究的目的是分离和表征的天然化学诱导剂的幼虫定居和变态的裸鳃Phestilla的两个相关物种。这两个物种消耗石珊瑚，但有不同的主机偏好。活性分子是有效的形态发生素，并深刻地影响裸鳃类的发育。将研究以滨珊瑚为食的Phestilla sibogae和以Tubastrea spp等树状珊瑚为食的P.melanobrachia的天然诱导物。将通过活性提取物的色谱分离进行活性化合物的分离，随后进行幼虫沉降的生物测定，以确定哪些组分诱导沉降和变态。一旦纯化，NMR和其他光谱方法将用于阐明活性诱导剂的结构。不同种类珊瑚的化学成分也可以通过分析HPLC来检测，以确定相关珊瑚中是否存在相同的活性化合物。两个相关物种的裸鳃类的定居线索的比较将提供信息的生态和进化的主机偏好和专业海洋无脊椎动物可溶性化学线索的反应。