Global Analysis of the Maize Genome: Relating Genes and DNA Sequences to Chromosome Regions

该植物基因组项目旨在为构建玉米基因组的细胞学物理图谱提供“概念验证”，并将该图谱与其他研究人员正在构建的遗传和DNA物理图谱相关联。 一个主要目标是在该项目的三年期间每年建造50个新的B-A-A易位种群。 这些新的细胞遗传学原种将利用玉米特有的两种宝贵资源：大量A-A相互易位（染色体末端区域相互交换）和简单B-A易位原种。 这些易位涉及正常A染色体和额外B染色体之间的交换。 这些原种在花粉形成过程中表现出一种特殊的细胞分裂，因此它们可以用来沿着染色体臂沿着定位基因。 通过在同一植物中将这两种类型的易位结合在一起，将有可能获得在它们之间含有重组体的后代。 由此产生的新的B-A-A复合易位将用于将选定的玉米染色体细分成小的细胞学定义的区域。 分析将集中在染色体臂1 S，5S，6L和10 S，但也将包括其他区域。 预计新B-A-A股将出现高水平复苏。 此外，分子作图技术将被用来对齐的细胞学定义的染色体区域的遗传和物理地图的玉米使用分子探针已经确定了这些地图。到项目的第三年，新的B-A-A库存将得到核实，估计有60至80个库存将存放在玉米袜中心，以分发给感兴趣的调查人员。正在创建一个网址www.BAAtrans.und.edu，公众可以在那里获得有关该项目的信息，包括访问新的B-A-A股票的地图数据。 该项目将通过提供一套强有力的细胞遗传学分析工具，并通过证明其在玉米基因组的分子作图和将单个基因分子细胞遗传学定位到狭义的染色体片段中的有用性，来帮助实现玉米群体的总体目标。该项目将扩大美洲印第安学生对生物学的参与，并将加强北达科他州大学的研究基础设施。 通过将所有成果和可交付成果置于公共领域，该项目将满足社会对自由和开放的科学交流的需求。

This Plant Genome project aims to provide "proof of concept" for constructing a cytological physical map of the maize genome and relating this map to the genetic and DNA physical maps being constructed by other investigators. A major goal will be to construct 50 new B-A-A translocation stocks each year over the three-year course of the project. These new cytogenetic stocks will utilize two valuable resources unique to maize: a large collection of A-A reciprocal translocations (where terminal regions of chromosome have exchanged with each other), and a collection of simple B-A translocation stocks. These latter translocations involve exchanges between the normal A chromosomes and the supernumerary B chromosomes. These stocks exhibit a peculiar cell division during pollen formation so that they can be used to locate genes along the chromosome arms. By bringing these two types of translocations together in the same plants it will be possible to obtain progeny containing recombinants between them. The resulting new B-A-A compound translocations will be used to subdivide selected maize chromosomes into small cytologically defined regions. The analysis will focus on chromosome arms 1S, 5S, 6L and 10S but will also include other regions. A high level of recovery of new B-A-A stocks expected. In addition, molecular mapping techniques will be used to align the cytologically defined chromosome regions to the genetic and physical maps of maize using molecular probes already identified on these maps. By the third year of the project the new B-A-A stocks will have been verified and an estimated 60 to 80 should be deposited at the Maize Sock Center for distribution to interested investigators. A Web address is being created www.BAAtrans.und.edu where the public can get information on the project including accessing mapping data for the new B-A-A stocks. This project will aid the overall maize community objectives by providing a powerful set of cytogenetic analytical tools and by proving their usefulness in both the molecular mapping of the maize genome and in the molecular cytogenetic localization of individual genes to narrowly defined chromosome segments. This project will broaden the participation of American Indian students in biology and it will strengthen the research infrastructure at the University of North Dakota. By placing all results and deliverables in the public domain this project will serve society's need for free and open scientific communication.