Global Analysis of the Maize Genome: Relating Genes and DNA Sequences to Chromosome Regions

该植物基因组计划旨在为构建玉米基因组的细胞学物理图谱提供“概念证明”，并将该图谱与其他研究者正在构建的遗传和DNA物理图谱联系起来。一个主要目标是在三年的项目过程中每年建立50个新的B-A-A易位库。这些新的细胞遗传资源将利用玉米特有的两种宝贵资源：大量的a - a反向易位（染色体末端区域相互交换）和简单的B-A易位。后一种易位涉及正常A染色体和多余B染色体之间的交换。在花粉形成过程中，这些花粉群表现出一种特殊的细胞分裂，因此它们可以用来定位染色体臂上的基因。通过将这两种类型的易位在同一植物中结合在一起，将有可能获得包含它们之间的重组的后代。由此产生的新的B-A-A化合物易位将用于将选定的玉米染色体细分为细胞学上确定的小区域。分析将集中在染色体臂1S、5S、6L和10S上，但也将包括其他区域。新b -A股有望高位回升。此外，分子作图技术将使用分子探针将细胞学上确定的染色体区域与玉米的遗传和物理图谱结合起来。到项目的第三年，新的B-A-A库存将得到核实，估计将有60至80只储存在玉米袜中心，以便分发给感兴趣的调查人员。正在建立一个网址www.BAAtrans.und.edu，公众可以在这里获得有关该项目的信息，包括访问B-A-A新股票的地图数据。该项目将通过提供一套强大的细胞遗传学分析工具，并通过证明它们在玉米基因组的分子定位和单个基因的分子细胞遗传学定位到狭窄定义的染色体片段方面的有用性，帮助实现玉米群落的总体目标。该项目将扩大美国印第安学生对生物学的参与，并将加强北达科他州大学的研究基础设施。通过将所有成果和可交付成果置于公共领域，该项目将满足社会对自由和开放的科学交流的需求。

This Plant Genome project aims to provide "proof of concept" for constructing a cytological physical map of the maize genome and relating this map to the genetic and DNA physical maps being constructed by other investigators. A major goal will be to construct 50 new B-A-A translocation stocks each year over the three-year course of the project. These new cytogenetic stocks will utilize two valuable resources unique to maize: a large collection of A-A reciprocal translocations (where terminal regions of chromosome have exchanged with each other), and a collection of simple B-A translocation stocks. These latter translocations involve exchanges between the normal A chromosomes and the supernumerary B chromosomes. These stocks exhibit a peculiar cell division during pollen formation so that they can be used to locate genes along the chromosome arms. By bringing these two types of translocations together in the same plants it will be possible to obtain progeny containing recombinants between them. The resulting new B-A-A compound translocations will be used to subdivide selected maize chromosomes into small cytologically defined regions. The analysis will focus on chromosome arms 1S, 5S, 6L and 10S but will also include other regions. A high level of recovery of new B-A-A stocks expected. In addition, molecular mapping techniques will be used to align the cytologically defined chromosome regions to the genetic and physical maps of maize using molecular probes already identified on these maps. By the third year of the project the new B-A-A stocks will have been verified and an estimated 60 to 80 should be deposited at the Maize Sock Center for distribution to interested investigators. A Web address is being created www.BAAtrans.und.edu where the public can get information on the project including accessing mapping data for the new B-A-A stocks. This project will aid the overall maize community objectives by providing a powerful set of cytogenetic analytical tools and by proving their usefulness in both the molecular mapping of the maize genome and in the molecular cytogenetic localization of individual genes to narrowly defined chromosome segments. This project will broaden the participation of American Indian students in biology and it will strengthen the research infrastructure at the University of North Dakota. By placing all results and deliverables in the public domain this project will serve society's need for free and open scientific communication.