An Equipment Proposal: Volcanic Conduit Dynamics Observed Through Forward Looking Infrared Radiometry

0324640可以说，火山过程建模中最重要的变量是温度。真实火山系统的温度变异性超过1000度，跨越了宿主和火山物质的蒸汽、液体和固相。因此，温度的巨大变化会影响火山系统动力学的变化。在实验室里测量这种温度变化是极其困难的，因此许多火山学家把实地作为他们的实验室来了解控制火山爆发的过程。直到最近，为了精确的温度测量，研究人员还局限于热电偶、光学热测法或简单的点辐射计，以提供单个目标的温度。前视红外辐射计（FLIR）提供完整的图像，每个像素都有精确的温度。这为以前无法获得的数据提供了空间维度。FLIR数据中的这个新维度提供了一个框架来连接不同的地球物理数据集。这笔拨款支持阿拉斯加大学地球物理研究所购买两个手持FLIR系统。这些系统将用于研究全球火山最近熔岩流的传热过程，但主要集中在研究众多活跃的阿留申弧火山和夏威夷的基拉韦厄热点火山。这些系统将支持辐射转移、熔岩动力学和喷发类型的基础研究、火山危害评估和火山学研究生教育。两个FLIR系统的可用性，在协作的情况下，可以连接起来，提供立体图像，用于测量喷发的气体和熔岩体积，这是单个设备无法实现的

0324640DehnArguably the most important variable in the modeling of volcanic processes is temperature. The variability of temperature in real volcanic systems exceeds 1000 degrees, crossing the vapor, liquid and solidus phases of the host and volcanic materials. Thus, large changes in temperature affect changes in the dynamics of volcanic systems. It is exceedingly difficult to scale such temperature changes in the laboratory, and thus many volcanologists take to the field as their lab to understand the processes that control eruptions. Until recently, for accurate temperature measurements, researchers were limited to thermocouples, optical pyrometry, or simple spot radiometers, delivering the temperature of a single target. The forward looking infrared radiometer (FLIR) provides a complete image, with accurate temperatures at every pixel. This provides a spatial dimension to the data which has been previously unavailable. This new dimension in the FLIR data provides a framework to link diverse geophysical data sets. This grant support the acquisition of two handheld FLIR systems by the Geophysical Institute at the University of Alaska. These systems will be used to study heat transfer processes from recent lavas flows at volcanoes worldwide but will primarily be focused on study of numerous active Aleutian arc volcanoes and the Kilauea hot spot volcano in Hawaii. The systems will support basic research on radiative transfer and lava dynamics and eruption types, volcanic hazard assessment and graduate student education in volcanology. The availability of the two FLIR systems, where collaborative efforts allow, can be linked to provide stereo imagery useful to measure erupted gas and lava volumes not possible with a single unit.***