Doctoral Dissertation Research: Citizenship, Immigration, and the Shadow State in the United States

博士论文研究：美国的公民身份、移民和影子国家

• 批准号: 0327178
• 负责人: Lynn Staeheli
• 金额: $ 1.19万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0327178&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Citizenship; Immigration

Social services are critical to immigrants' membership and incorporation into American society, particularly for those groups of immigrants with low socioeconomic status or those marked as marginal by their racial and cultural characteristics. Delivery of social services in American cities has changed, however, as recent decentralization of public authority have led central and regional governments to contract out the delivery of social services to organizations in the non-profit sector. Governments often maintain influence on how public funds may be used in such organizations. This element of government oversight has the potential to make state-funded non-profit organizations into instruments of state policy or a "shadow state." This doctoral dissertation research project explores the relationship between government funding policies and social service delivery in the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area in order to understand the effect that the shadow state has on the incorporation of immigrants. The project focuses on non-profit organizations that provide social services to immigrant groups as important actors that mediate government funding stipulations, organizational goals, and immigrants' goals for the incorporation process. The project asks the following questions: (1) How do government funding stipulations become integrated into social services that are delivered to immigrants? (2) How do social service organizations' goals and agendas affect the incorporation process? (3) How do organizations respond to immigrant communities' incorporation interests? An initial survey and subsequent in-depth interviews with leaders of social service organizations and with leaders of immigrant communities will provide data regarding how organizations shape the institutional opportunity structure for immigrants in the incorporation process. This project will address the immigrant incorporation process through the concept of citizenship. The findings are expected to demonstrate the conditions under which some organizations promote formal, legal aspects of citizenship as well as substantive, community-belonging aspects in the delivery of social services. The broader significance of this project is its evaluation of how citizenship is conceptualized and represented to immigrants through social service organizations. At a time when public-private partnerships in social service delivery are gaining currency, this project will analyze the impact these delivery systems on the kinds of citizenship that are created and circulated through new strategies of social service delivery. As immigrants have come to constitute a larger portion of the population in American cities, the ways in which they become incorporated are important issues of public policy. A primary contribution of this project is knowledge about the role and relative importance that the shadow state has for immigrant incorporation and for the on-going construction of citizenship in American society. This research will also shed light on the various means by which social planning agencies affect immigrant incorporation in many urban regions. The research will also be relevant for evaluation of social service policies and for the organizations and agencies that are responsible for providing social service to immigrants. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, this award also will provide support to enable a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.

社会服务对于移民的成员资格和融入美国社会至关重要，特别是对那些社会经济地位较低的移民群体或那些因其种族和文化特征而被标记为边缘的移民群体。然而，美国城市提供社会服务的方式发生了变化，因为最近公共权力的下放导致中央和地方政府将向非营利部门的组织提供社会服务的工作外包出去。政府经常对公共资金在这类组织中的使用方式保持影响力。政府监督的这一要素有可能使国家资助的非营利组织成为国家政策的工具或“影子国家”。这一博士论文研究项目探索了明尼阿波利斯-圣彼得堡政府资助政策与社会服务提供之间的关系。保罗大都会地区，以了解影子国家对移民融入的影响。该项目侧重于为移民群体提供社会服务的非营利组织，作为调解政府资金规定、组织目标和移民在纳入过程中的目标的重要行为者。该项目提出以下问题：(1)政府资助规定如何融入提供给移民的社会服务？(2)社会服务组织的目标和议程如何影响合并过程？(3)组织如何回应移民社区的合并利益？初步调查和随后对社会服务组织领导人和移民社区领导人的深入访谈将提供关于各组织如何在融入过程中塑造移民的体制机会结构的数据。该项目将通过公民身份的概念解决移民融入过程。预计调查结果将显示一些组织在提供社会服务时促进公民身份的正式、法律方面以及实质的、社区归属感方面的条件。这一项目更广泛的意义在于它评估了公民身份是如何通过社会服务组织被概念化和向移民表达的。在社会服务提供方面的公私伙伴关系日益流行之际，该项目将分析这些提供系统对通过新的社会服务提供战略创造和传播的各种公民身份的影响。由于移民在美国城市人口中所占的比例越来越大，他们融入城市的方式是公共政策的重要问题。这个项目的一个主要贡献是了解影子国家对移民合并和正在进行的美国社会公民身份建设的作用和相对重要性。这项研究还将阐明社会规划机构在许多城市地区影响移民融入的各种方式。这项研究还将与评价社会服务政策以及负责向移民提供社会服务的组织和机构有关。作为博士论文研究改进奖，该奖项还将提供支持，使有前途的学生建立一个强大的独立研究生涯。