Collaborative Research: High Spectral Resolution Measurements of Surface Reflectivity in the Western Arctic

合作研究：北极西部地表反射率的高光谱分辨率测量

• 批准号: 0327187
• 负责人: Peter Minnett
• 金额: $ 27.29万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-15 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0327187&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Spectral; Resolution; Measurements

ABSTRACT MinnettOPP-0327187SellarOPP- 0327234 This is a collaborative proposal by Principal Investigators at the Universities of Miami (UM) and Central Florida (UCF). The Arctic is recognized as area that is particularly sensitive to the effects of climate change, the effects of which are not regionally limited but extend to the entire climate system. The cloud radiative forcing and the surface response are components of competing feedback mechanisms that can enhance or dampen the response of the Arctic system to changes in climate. The seasonal changes of albedo of the snow and ice cover over the Arctic Ocean, which are most rapid and profound at the time of snow melt and breakup of the ice cover, have a profound effect on the surface radiation and heat budget of the Arctic. Errors in the measurement or specification of the surface albedo overwhelm other sources of uncertainties in the measurement or modeling of the surface heat budget and response of the Arctic to cloud radiative forcing. The project is focused on the deployment of a new instrument, the High-Efficiency HyperSpectral Imager (HEHSI), together with a suite of extant ancillary sensors, on the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Franklin during part of the year-long expedition to the Cape Bathurst area as part of the Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange Study (CASES). Intellectual Merit This project involves the first Arctic field deployment of a new, small, robust, lightweight imaging spectroradiometer with no moving parts (other than the computer disk). This is a significant improvement in capabilities of current, non-imaging spectrometers, and video imagers. In collaboration with Canadian colleagues, these measurements will be used to study the relationships between optical properties and physical properties of the surface. The project will improve our understanding of the variability in the spectral reflectivity of he frozen surface under a range of conditions of illumination, and how narrow-band measurements of reflectivity can be related to broad-band hemispheric albedo. The field measurements will be compared to coincident data from the new generation of satellite imagers, thereby establishing the foundation for extending the accurate but localized measurements to the Arctic as a whole. Broader Impacts This project will build on and strengthens international collaboration between the US and Canada in Arctic research from previous NSF funding. It will involve students at many stages in their careers, from high school juniors and seniors (through the Miami-Dade Academic Internship program at UM), through undergraduate and post graduate research assistants (at both UM and UCF). The University of Miami is a Hispanic Serving Institution and thereby fosters the participation of under-represented groups in science and engineering. The data will be made available through a WWW pages at Rosenthiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS). The project will contribute to the active outreach activities coordinated through the RSMAS Dean's Office. The improvement of understanding of the physical processes in the Arctic, especially in the framework of the changing climate, has important, multifaceted societal impacts.

摘要 MinnettOPP-0327187SellarOPP- 0327234 这是迈阿密大学 (UM) 和佛罗里达中部大学 (UCF) 首席研究员的合作提案。 北极被认为是对气候变化影响特别敏感的地区，其影响不仅限于区域，而是扩展到整个气候系统。云辐射强迫和地表响应是竞争反馈机制的组成部分，可以增强或减弱北极系统对气候变化的响应。北冰洋上空冰雪反照率的季节变化在雪融化和冰盖破裂时最为迅速和深刻，对北极的表面辐射和热量收支有着深远的影响。地表反照率的测量或​​规范中的误差压倒了地表热收支的测量或建模以及北极对云辐射强迫的响应中的其他不确定性来源。作为加拿大北极陆架交换研究 (CASES) 的一部分，该项目的重点是在巴瑟斯特角地区为期一年的考察期间，在加拿大海岸警卫队富兰克林号船上部署新仪器高效高光谱成像仪 (HEHSI) 以及一套现有的辅助传感器。 智力优点 该项目涉及首次在北极实地部署新型、小型、坚固、轻型成像光谱辐射计，没有移动部件（计算机磁盘除外）。这是对当前非成像光谱仪和视频成像仪功能的重大改进。与加拿大同事合作，这些测量结果将用于研究表面光学特性和物理特性之间的关系。该项目将提高我们对一系列照明条件下冻结表面光谱反射率变化的理解，以及反射率的窄带测量如何与宽带半球反照率相关。现场测量结果将与新一代卫星成像仪的一致数据进行比较，从而为将准确但局部的测量扩展到整个北极奠定基础。更广泛的影响 该项目将建立并加强美国和加拿大之间在北极研究方面的国际合作，这些合作来自美国国家科学基金会之前的资助。它将涉及职业生涯多个阶段的学生，从高中三年级和四年级（通过密歇根大学的迈阿密戴德学术实习计划），到本科生和研究生研究助理（在密歇根大学和中佛罗里达大学）。迈阿密大学是一所西班牙裔服务机构，因此促进了代表性不足的群体参与科学和工程领域。这些数据将通过罗森蒂尔海洋与大气科学学院 (RSMAS) 的 WWW 页面提供。该项目将有助于通过 RSMAS 院长办公室协调的积极外展活动。提高对北极物理过程的了解，特别是在气候变化的框架内，具有重要的、多方面的社会影响。