Collaborative Research: High Spectral Resolution Measurements of Surface Reflectivity in the Western Arctic

这是迈阿密大学（UM）和中佛罗里达大学（UCF）的主要研究人员的合作提案。北极被认为是对气候变化影响特别敏感的地区，气候变化的影响并不局限于区域，而是延伸到整个气候系统。云辐射强迫和地表响应是相互竞争的反馈机制的组成部分，可以增强或减弱北极系统对气候变化的响应。北冰洋冰雪反照率的季节变化对北极地表辐射和热量收支有着深远的影响，在冰雪融化和冰盖破裂时反照率的变化最为迅速和深刻。测量或说明地表反照率的误差压倒了测量或模拟北极对云辐射强迫的地表热平衡和响应的其他不确定性来源。作为加拿大北极大陆架交换研究（CASES）的一部分，该项目的重点是在加拿大海岸警卫队富兰克林船上部署一种新型仪器，即高效高光谱成像仪（HEHSI），以及一套现有的辅助传感器。该船将对巴瑟斯特角地区进行为期一年的考察。该项目首次在北极地区部署了一种新型的、小型的、坚固的、轻量级的成像光谱辐射计，它没有移动部件（除了计算机磁盘）。这是当前非成像光谱仪和视频成像仪性能的重大改进。在与加拿大同事的合作下，这些测量结果将用于研究表面的光学性质和物理性质之间的关系。该项目将提高我们对冰冻表面在一系列光照条件下光谱反射率变化的理解，以及如何将窄带反射率测量与宽带半球反照率联系起来。实地测量结果将与来自新一代卫星成像仪的一致数据进行比较，从而为将精确但局部的测量结果扩展到整个北极奠定基础。该项目将建立并加强美国和加拿大在北极研究方面的国际合作，这些合作是由以前的NSF资助的。它将涉及学生职业生涯的许多阶段，从高中三年级和四年级（通过UM的迈阿密-戴德学术实习计划），到本科生和研究生研究助理（UM和UCF）。迈阿密大学是一所西班牙裔服务机构，因此促进了科学和工程领域代表性不足的群体的参与。这些数据将通过罗森蒂尔海洋与大气科学学院（RSMAS）的WWW网页提供。该项目将有助于通过RSMAS院长办公室协调的积极的外联活动。对北极物理过程的认识的提高，特别是在气候变化的框架内，具有重要的、多方面的社会影响。

ABSTRACT MinnettOPP-0327187SellarOPP- 0327234 This is a collaborative proposal by Principal Investigators at the Universities of Miami (UM) and Central Florida (UCF). The Arctic is recognized as area that is particularly sensitive to the effects of climate change, the effects of which are not regionally limited but extend to the entire climate system. The cloud radiative forcing and the surface response are components of competing feedback mechanisms that can enhance or dampen the response of the Arctic system to changes in climate. The seasonal changes of albedo of the snow and ice cover over the Arctic Ocean, which are most rapid and profound at the time of snow melt and breakup of the ice cover, have a profound effect on the surface radiation and heat budget of the Arctic. Errors in the measurement or specification of the surface albedo overwhelm other sources of uncertainties in the measurement or modeling of the surface heat budget and response of the Arctic to cloud radiative forcing. The project is focused on the deployment of a new instrument, the High-Efficiency HyperSpectral Imager (HEHSI), together with a suite of extant ancillary sensors, on the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Franklin during part of the year-long expedition to the Cape Bathurst area as part of the Canadian Arctic Shelf Exchange Study (CASES). Intellectual Merit This project involves the first Arctic field deployment of a new, small, robust, lightweight imaging spectroradiometer with no moving parts (other than the computer disk). This is a significant improvement in capabilities of current, non-imaging spectrometers, and video imagers. In collaboration with Canadian colleagues, these measurements will be used to study the relationships between optical properties and physical properties of the surface. The project will improve our understanding of the variability in the spectral reflectivity of he frozen surface under a range of conditions of illumination, and how narrow-band measurements of reflectivity can be related to broad-band hemispheric albedo. The field measurements will be compared to coincident data from the new generation of satellite imagers, thereby establishing the foundation for extending the accurate but localized measurements to the Arctic as a whole. Broader Impacts This project will build on and strengthens international collaboration between the US and Canada in Arctic research from previous NSF funding. It will involve students at many stages in their careers, from high school juniors and seniors (through the Miami-Dade Academic Internship program at UM), through undergraduate and post graduate research assistants (at both UM and UCF). The University of Miami is a Hispanic Serving Institution and thereby fosters the participation of under-represented groups in science and engineering. The data will be made available through a WWW pages at Rosenthiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences (RSMAS). The project will contribute to the active outreach activities coordinated through the RSMAS Dean's Office. The improvement of understanding of the physical processes in the Arctic, especially in the framework of the changing climate, has important, multifaceted societal impacts.