Experimental silicification of wood

木材的实验硅化

• 批准号: 163884058
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christian Gerhard Ballhaus
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Paläontologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/163884058?language=en
• 关键词: Experimental; silicification; wood

An interesting and important process for palaeobotany is the fossilization by silicification. Here, organic structures of plant tissue are replaced by silica, occasionally to such fine detail that physiological processes can still be recognized. The factors driving SiO2 to enter plant tissue and be precipitated as opal are not well known, and it is unclear how long it takes to permineralize trees that measure meters in diameter by silica. We report here on reconnaissance experiments to silicify wood under natural conditions, using volcanic glass as a silica source. Our experiments suggest that the early stages of silicification, i.e. the filling of voids in the wood structure by opal, are driven by a gradient in pH, which is established between the wood and its lithic substrate in which the wood is buried. In this application, experiments are proposed to (1) identify factors governing silicification of wood, (2) determine the compositions of liquids exchanged between wood and the lithic substrate, and (3) approximate how long it takes to silicify wood logs as massive as those of the petrified forests of Arizona or Lesvos.

古植物学中一个有趣而重要的过程是硅化作用引起的硅化作用。在这里，植物组织的有机结构被硅所取代，偶尔如此精细的细节，仍然可以识别生理过程。驱动SiO2进入植物组织并沉淀为蛋白石的因素并不为人所知，也不清楚通过二氧化硅对直径为米的树木进行全矿化需要多长时间。我们在这里报告的勘察实验，在自然条件下，硅化木材，使用火山玻璃作为二氧化硅源。我们的实验表明，硅化的早期阶段，即蛋白石填充木材结构中的空隙，是由pH梯度驱动的，这是建立在木材和木材被埋在其中的石质基材之间。在这一应用中，提出了实验来（1）确定木材硅化的控制因素，（2）确定木材和石质基质之间交换的液体的成分，以及（3）近似需要多长时间来硅化像亚利桑那州或莱斯沃斯岛的石化森林一样巨大的木材原木。

项目成果

EXPERIMENTAL SILICIFICATION OF THE TREE FERN DICKSONIA ANTARCTICA AT HIGH TEMPERATURE WITH SILICA-ENRICHED H2O VAPOR

富硅水蒸汽高温下南极狄克索尼亚树蕨的硅化实验

• DOI: 10.2110/palo.2012.p12-064r
• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: Läbe S;Gee C.T;Ballhaus C;Nagel T
• 通讯作者: Nagel T

The silicification of trees in volcanic ash - An experimental study

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2012.01.018
• 发表时间: 2012-05-01
• 期刊: GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Ballhaus, Chris;Gee, Carole T.;Rhede, Dieter
• 通讯作者: Rhede, Dieter

Incipient silicification of recent conifer wood at a Yellowstone hot spring

黄石温泉近期针叶树的早期硅化

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.10.018
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Hellawell J;Ballhaus C;Gee C.T;Mustoe G.E;Nagel T.J;Wirth R;Rethemeyer J;Tomaschek F;Geisler T;Greef K;Mansfeldt T.
• 通讯作者: Mansfeldt T.