Experimental silicification of wood

木材的实验硅化

• 批准号: 163884058
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christian Gerhard Ballhaus
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Paläontologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/163884058?language=en
• 关键词: Experimental; silicification; wood

An interesting and important process for palaeobotany is the fossilization by silicification. Here, organic structures of plant tissue are replaced by silica, occasionally to such fine detail that physiological processes can still be recognized. The factors driving SiO2 to enter plant tissue and be precipitated as opal are not well known, and it is unclear how long it takes to permineralize trees that measure meters in diameter by silica. We report here on reconnaissance experiments to silicify wood under natural conditions, using volcanic glass as a silica source. Our experiments suggest that the early stages of silicification, i.e. the filling of voids in the wood structure by opal, are driven by a gradient in pH, which is established between the wood and its lithic substrate in which the wood is buried. In this application, experiments are proposed to (1) identify factors governing silicification of wood, (2) determine the compositions of liquids exchanged between wood and the lithic substrate, and (3) approximate how long it takes to silicify wood logs as massive as those of the petrified forests of Arizona or Lesvos.

古植物学的一个有趣而重要的过程是通过硅化化的化石。在这里，植物组织的有机结构被二氧化硅取代，偶尔将其细节替代，以至于仍然可以识别出生理过程。驱动SIO2进入植物组织并作为蛋白石沉淀的因素尚不清楚，目前尚不清楚二氧化硅测量直径米的树木需要多长时间。我们在此报告使用火山玻璃作为二氧化硅来源进行侦察实验，以在自然条件下硅化木材。我们的实验表明，硅化的早期阶段，即通过蛋白石填充木材结构中的空隙，是由pH中的梯度驱动的，pH是在木材及其岩石底物之间建立的，将其埋葬在木材中。在此应用中，提出了实验以（1）确定有关木材硅化的因素，（2）确定木材和岩性底物之间交换的液体的组成，（3）大概要花费多长时间才能使木材的硅树木与亚利桑那州或Lesvos的石油森林或Lesvos的岩石森林一样大。

项目成果

EXPERIMENTAL SILICIFICATION OF THE TREE FERN DICKSONIA ANTARCTICA AT HIGH TEMPERATURE WITH SILICA-ENRICHED H2O VAPOR

富硅水蒸汽高温下南极狄克索尼亚树蕨的硅化实验

• DOI: 10.2110/palo.2012.p12-064r
• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: Läbe S;Gee C.T;Ballhaus C;Nagel T
• 通讯作者: Nagel T

The silicification of trees in volcanic ash - An experimental study

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2012.01.018
• 发表时间: 2012-05-01
• 期刊: GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Ballhaus, Chris;Gee, Carole T.;Rhede, Dieter
• 通讯作者: Rhede, Dieter

Incipient silicification of recent conifer wood at a Yellowstone hot spring

黄石温泉近期针叶树的早期硅化

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.10.018
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Hellawell J;Ballhaus C;Gee C.T;Mustoe G.E;Nagel T.J;Wirth R;Rethemeyer J;Tomaschek F;Geisler T;Greef K;Mansfeldt T.
• 通讯作者: Mansfeldt T.