Development of joint attention and declarative pointing in rural and urban Gujarati, Indian and Euro-American toddlers

古吉拉特语、印度和欧美幼儿在农村和城市的共同注意力和陈述性指向的发展

• 批准号: 164313727
• 负责人: Dr. Monika Abels
• 金额: --
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/164313727?language=en
• 关键词: Development; joint; attention; declarative; pointing

At around one year of age, typically developing children in Western societies start pointing at things to alert their caregivers to them (declarative pointing) and share the experience. Joint attention to an object and pointing have been shown to be related to children’s language development. Although previous research has shown that caregivers’ interactional styles vary widely across cultural communities, although there are also universals of both parenting and child behaviors. It has been assumed thus far, that pointing is such a universal. It might be the case, however, that variability in caregivers’ style of interacting with a child is related to the frequency, onset, and meanings or interpretations with which children point within cultural communities. Even though pointing and joint attention are very significant in development, the developmental evidence on pointing cross-culturally is currently either unknown or not well understood. My research project will provide new evidence on the differences and similarities in the development and frequency of pointing behaviors of children in three different cultural communities that represent different socio-cultural profiles, namely rural and urban Gujarati families in India and Euro-American families in Los Angeles, California. The project also has implications for understanding autism spectrum disorders in different cultural communities, as pointing has been used as an early indicator to diagnose autism.

在一岁左右的时候，西方社会中典型的发育中的孩子开始用手指东西来提醒他们的照顾者（说明性的手指）并分享经验。对物体的共同注意和指指点点已被证明与儿童的语言发展有关。尽管先前的研究表明，在不同的文化社区中，照顾者的互动风格差异很大，尽管父母和孩子的行为也有共性。到目前为止，人们一直认为，指向是如此普遍。然而，可能的情况是，照顾者与儿童互动方式的变化与儿童在文化社区中所指向的频率、开始和意义或解释有关。尽管手指指向和共同注意在发展中非常重要，但跨文化的手指指向的发展证据目前要么是未知的，要么是没有得到很好的理解。我的研究项目将为代表不同社会文化概况的三个不同文化社区中儿童指向行为发展和频率的异同提供新的证据，即印度的农村和城市古吉拉特家庭以及加利福尼亚洛杉矶的欧美家庭。该项目还对了解不同文化群体中的自闭症谱系障碍具有启示意义，因为指向已被用作诊断自闭症的早期指标。