CEDAR Postdoc: Photo-Chemistry and Neutral-Plasma Coupling at Earth and Mars

CEDAR 博士后：地球和火星的光化学和中性等离子体耦合

• 批准号: 0334383
• 负责人: Michael Mendillo
• 金额: $ 16.06万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-01 至 2005-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0334383&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CEDAR; Postdoc; Photo; Chemistry; Neutral

The investigators will study the photo-chemistry and neutral-plasma coupling ofEarth and Mars. The approach is to compare the ionospheres of Earth and Mars using data and theory in order to better understand the basic physical processes that are common to both. The objectives are to (1) test the predictions of simple photochemical equilibrium models for how peak electron densities in the ionospheres of Earth and Mars vary with solar flux, distance from the Sun, and solar zenith angle using standard terrestrial observations and Martian observations from the radio science experiment on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft; (2) study the effects of solar flares and coronal mass ejections on simultaneous observations of the terrestrial and Martian ionospheres to understand how Space Weather impacts these different environments; (3) examine the effects of waves and tides in the neutral atmosphere of Mars on the ionosphere, and then compare to predictions from models developed for Earth for ionosphere-neutral atmosphere coupling. Areas of weakness and potential improvement in the models will be identified. The research will improve understanding of ionospheric processes by testing predictions derived from terrestrial experience on simultaneous observations of the ionospheres of Earth and Mars. The coordination of terrestrial and Martian observations is a creative and original concept that will build links between the disciplines of planetary and terrestrial aeronomy. By studying the effects of solar changes on more than one planet, any shortfalls in models for how the terrestrial ionosphere responds to the Sun will be identified and areas for potential improvement highlighted. This will facilitate the separation of solar and anthropogenic impacts on the terrestrial atmosphere, a goal of the Global Change Program. Simultaneous studies of the effects of space weather on more than one planet will similarly benefit the National Space Weather Program. Since the physics governing ionospheric processes should be the same on Earth and beyond Earth, models based on terrestrial observations should be valid beyond Earth's ionosphere. These models will be tested, especially in the areas of solar variability and the effects of magnetic fields, by comparing solar-terrestrial interactions on Earth and Mars. Studies of waves and tides will address how ionospheres couple with lower altitudes and test if waves and tides are as important in coupling different atmospheric regions on Mars as they are on Earth.

研究人员将研究地球和火星的光化学和中性等离子体耦合。 方法是使用数据和理论比较地球和火星的电离层，以便更好地了解两者共同的基本物理过程。 目标是：（1）利用标准地面观测和火星全球勘测者航天器上无线电科学实验的火星观测，检验简单的光化学平衡模型对地球和火星电离层峰值电子密度如何随太阳通量、距太阳的距离和太阳天顶角而变化的预测;（2）研究太阳耀斑和日冕物质抛射对同时观测地球和火星电离层的影响，以了解空间天气如何影响这些不同的环境;（3）研究火星中性大气中的波和潮汐对电离层的影响，然后与为地球开发的电离层-中性大气耦合模型的预测进行比较。 将查明模型中的薄弱领域和可能改进的地方。 这项研究将通过检验从同时观测地球和火星电离层的地面经验中得出的预测，增进对电离层过程的了解。 协调对地球和火星的观测是一个创造性和原创性的概念，将在行星和地球大气层学学科之间建立联系。 通过研究太阳变化对一个以上行星的影响，将查明地球电离层如何对太阳作出反应的模型中的任何不足之处，并突出可能改进的领域。 这将有助于区分太阳和人类活动对地球大气的影响，这是全球变化方案的一个目标。 同时研究空间气象对一个以上行星的影响也将同样有利于国家空间气象方案。 由于地球上和地球以外的电离层过程的物理学原理应该是相同的，因此基于地面观测的模型在地球电离层以外也应该是有效的。 将通过比较地球和火星上的日地相互作用，对这些模型进行测试，特别是在太阳变化和磁场影响方面。 对波浪和潮汐的研究将解决电离层如何与低海拔耦合的问题，并测试波浪和潮汐在耦合火星上的不同大气区域方面是否与在地球上一样重要。