A Laboratory Study of Wave-Affected Turbulence in a Flexible Canopy: Transport in a Giant Kelp Forest

ABSTRACTPROPOSAL没有。研究项目：cts -0335346主要研究人员：JEFFREY R. koseff机构：斯坦福大学巨型海带森林中波浪影响湍流的实验室研究目标是研究与海洋海带森林丰富生态系统环境相关的流体动力学和运输。在这些系统中，水动力学控制着大型藻类的营养可利用性、向无脊椎动物输送食物颗粒、海带森林群落对溶解气体、营养物质和有机碳的吸收、海带群落中浮游孢子的扩散以及它们在沿海地区的定居。这项研究将通过一系列迫切需要的实验室实验来加强正在进行的实地项目，重点关注在实地无法充分解决的问题。多种光学诊断技术将被用于研究在波浪和水流存在下的模型海带森林中的流场。这些技术将允许直接测量速度和标量通量，能够表征混合过程，调查流动的空间变异性，并检查混合速率和湍流强度对海带森林结构的依赖性。这种流动结构提供了一个很好的机会，不仅可以了解海带冠层如何影响波浪到水柱湍流的动量和能量传递，而且还可以进一步探索在连接粗糙元素存在的情况下波底边界的相互作用，这些粗糙元素可能会在水柱本身产生湍流。该项目将为学生提供涉及流体力学和物理海洋学的跨学科研究项目的研究培训。研究人员将继续通过斯坦福大学的REU项目让本科生参与研究，该项目已经成功地招募了来自不同专业和代表性不足群体的不同学生参与研究。这项研究计划将进一步发展研究波浪流的实验室设施，以加强研究的基础设施；在教育方面，通过在流体力学和物理海洋学的课堂上使用这些设备进行动手实验。研究人员已经与媒体和科学作家合作，向公众传播研究发现，并计划继续开展这种推广活动。

ABSTRACTPROPOSAL NO.: CTS-0335346PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: JEFFREY R. KOSEFFINSTITUTION: STANFORD UNIVERSITYA LABORATORY STUDY OF WAVE-AFFECTED TURBULENCE IN A GIANT KELP FORESTThe objectives are to study fluid dynamics and transport associated with the rich ecosytstem environment of kelp forests in the ocean. Within these systems, hydrodynamics govern nutrient availability to macro algae, the delivery of food particles to invertebrates, the uptake of dissolved gases, nutrients and organic carbon by the kelp forest community, the dispersal of planktonic spores within the kelp communities, and their settlement in the coastal zone. This study will augment an ongoing field program with a set of critically needed laboratory experiments focusing on problems that cannot be adequately resolved in the field. A variety of optical diagnostic techniques will be employed to investigate the flow field in a model kelp forest in the presence of waves and current. These techniques will allow direct measurement of velocities and scalar fluxes, enabling characterization of mixing processes, investigation of the spatial variability of the flow and examination of the dependence of mixing rates and turbulence intensity on kelp forest structure. This flow configuration presents an excellent opportunity to not only understand how kelp canopies affect the momentum and energy transfer from waves into turbulence in the water column, but also to further explore wave-bottom boundary interactions in the presence of articulating roughness elements which potentially generate turbulence in the water column itself. The project will provide research training for students in an interdisciplinary research project involving fluid mechanics and physical oceanography. The investigators will continue their practice of involving undergraduates in the research through Stanford's REU program, which has been successful in recruiting diverse students from different majors and underrepresented groups to participate in research. This research program will enhance the infrastructure for research, by further developing the laboratory facility for studying wavy flows; and for education, by using these facilities for hands-on experimentation in classes in fluid mechanics and physical oceanography. The investigators already work with the media and science writers to convey research discoveries to the public, and plan to continue such outreach activities.