Doppler On Wheels National Mobile Doppler Radar Facility

美国恶劣天气研究中心（CSWR）建议继续提供三台移动多普勒雷达，称为车轮多普勒雷达（DOWs），作为国家低层大气观测设施（LAOF）套件的一部分。CSWR DOWs在美国国家科学基金会支持的低层大气观测设施套件中发挥着重要作用，它提供了一种低成本、灵活的技术，可以在近距离恶劣天气下获得关键测量数据。DOWs的用户对龙卷风的成因、冬季风暴的发展、与飓风登陆有关的风以及云内微物理过程等主题进行了研究。DOWs是安装在专用卡车上的最先进的x波段雷达，可以快速获取感兴趣的天气现象。该设施由两个双偏振x波段雷达（DOWs 6和7）和一个多波束x波段雷达（Rapid-Scan DOW）组成，可提供非常快速、高空间分辨率的数据。在下一个绩效期（2014-2018年），CSWR将部署DOWs，以及Mesonet车辆（车载移动气象站）和“龙卷风吊舱”，这是一组坚固耐用、可部署的仪器结构，旨在测量遭遇极端天气时的气象变量，以支持同行评审过程中被认为具有特殊价值的研究项目。CSWR工作人员将维护和升级仪器，以促进大气动力学和云物理领域的前沿研究。移动中网采样能力的可用性将增强未来的部署。CSWR会因应社区研究需要，在雷达上应用最新科技，并计划发展新的流动功能，例如流动c波段雷达。在过去五年中，DOWs一直是最需要的低层大气观测设施，用于教育和推广目的。自2008年以来，DOWs和CSWR的工作人员已经部署到美国各地的18所大学，并开展了广泛的“路上”参观，包括公开展示和讲座，吸引了10万多名公众。CSWR预计将按照要求继续提供这些服务，并在其工作人员中有两名有资格的教师（一名从事小学教育，另一名从事高中科学），他们将适合年龄的教学方法带到外展活动中。

The Center for Severe Weather Research (CSWR) proposes to continue providing three mobile Doppler radars known as Doppler on Wheels (DOWs) as part of the national Lower Atmosphere Observing Facility (LAOF) suite. The CSWR DOWs fulfill an important role in the suite of NSF-supported lower atmosphere observing facilities by providing a low-cost, nimble technology for obtaining critical measurements at close-range to severe weather. Users of the DOWs have conducted research into topics such as tornado genesis, winter storm development, winds associated with hurricane landfall, and in-cloud microphysical processes. The DOWs are state-of-the-art X-band radars mounted on purpose-built trucks to provide rapid access to weather phenomena of interest. The facility consists of two dual-polarimetric X-band radars (DOWs 6 and 7) and one multi-beam X-band (Rapid-Scan DOW) that provides very fast, high spatial resolution data. During the next performance period (2014-2018), CSWR will deploy the DOWs, as well as their Mesonet vehicles (truck-mounted mobile weather stations) and "tornado pods", a collection of ruggedized, deployable, instrumented structures designed to measure meteorological variables during encounters with extreme weather, in support of research projects deemed to be of exceptional merit by the peer review process. CSWR staff will maintain and upgrade the instrumentation to facilitate cutting edge research in the areas of atmospheric dynamics and cloud physics. Future deployments will be augmented by the availability of the mobile mesonet sampling capability. CSWR will apply the latest technologies in their radars in accord with community research needs and plan to develop new mobile capabilities such as a mobile C-band radar.Over the past five years, the DOWs have been the most requested lower atmosphere observing facility for educational and outreach purposes. Since 2008, the DOWs and CSWR staff have deployed to eighteen universities across the United States and have carried out extensive "on-the-road" tours involving public displays and lectures that have reached over 100,000 members of the general public. CSWR expects to continue providing these services as requested and has among its staff two credentialed teachers (one in elementary education and another in high school science) who bring age-appropriate pedagogy to the outreach events.