Observation and Analysis of the Structure of Tornadoes by Means of High Resolution Data from Mobile Doppler Radars and Photogrammetry

9616417沃尔曼1994年和1995年春季在美国中部进行了龙卷风旋转起源的验证实验(涡旋)。涡旋的目的是加深我们对龙卷风发生、龙卷风动力学、风暴环境关系和严重龙卷风风暴的数值预报的理解。数据是从各种传感器收集的，包括飞机、地面地面站和高空站点以及雷达。这些传感器中有几个是静止的，但许多是移动的，因此科学家们能够拦截和跟踪大量龙卷风风暴。1996年期间在涡旋期间和在较小规模的数据收集工作期间从一台3厘米的流动多普勒雷达和录像机上收集的数据将被Ppincipal调查员用来研究龙卷风涡旋的详细结构。雷达数据是以前所未有的分辨率获得的，距离从2公里到12公里不等，针对八个不同的龙卷风。其中两个雷达数据集是射程约3公里的极大龙卷风，分辨率为60×60×75米。其中一个数据集是分辨率为30×30×75米的较大但相对较轻的龙卷风。这些雷达数据集以及大量的视频和摄影素材将被用来记录从雷达反射率、多普勒风和摄影测量中描绘的龙卷风的详细结构和演变。***

9616417 Wurman The Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTEX) was held in the Central U.S. during Springs of 1994 and 1995. The objectives of VORTEX were to further our understanding of tornadogenesis, tornado dynamics, storm environment relationships, and numerical prediction of severe tornadic storms. Data was collected from a variety of sensors including aircraft, ground based surface stations and upper air sites, and radars. Several of these sensors were stationary, but many were mobile, thus the scientists were able to intercept and follow a large number of tornadic storms. Data collected from a mobile 3-cm Doppler radar and video during the VORTEX and during a smaller scale data collection effort during 1996 will be used by the Ppincipal Investigator to study the detailed structure of tornado vortices. The radar data were obtained with unprecedented resolution at distances ranging from 2 to 12 km for eight separate tornadoes. Two of the radar data sets were of very large tornadoes at a ranges of about 3 km with resolution volumes of 60 x 60 x 75 m. One of the data sets is of a large but relatively mild tornado at 30 x 30 x 75 m resolution. These radar data sets along with extensive video and photographic footage will be used to document detailed tornado structures and evolution as depicted from radar reflectivity, Doppler winds, and photogrammetry. ***