Molecular epidemiology network for promotion and support of delivery of live vaccines against Theileria parva and Theileria annulata infection in Eastern and Northern Africa

分子流行病学网络，促进和支持在东非和北非提供针对细小泰勒虫和环状泰勒虫感染的活疫苗

• 批准号: 164503831
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jabbar S. Ahmed
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/164503831?language=en
• 关键词: Molecular; epidemiology; network; promotion; support

Tick-borne diseases, such as theileriosis, which are endemic in large parts of tropical and subtropical regions of the developing world, are ranked high in terms of their impact on the livelihood of resource poor farming communities. Theileriosis (East Coast fever caused by Theileria parva and tropical theileriosis caused by T. annulata) is considered a major constraint for development of livestock in regions where the disease is endemic. Currently, management of theileriosis and other tick-borne diseases is primarily through control of the tick vector using acaricides, although this is unsustainable due to increasing acaricide resistance and food safety concerns. A highly effective ‘infection and treatment’ live vaccine based on the injection of a potentially lethal dose of sporozoites together with a long acting dose of tetracycline has long been available for control of East coast fever in a number of countries. However, there are fears that the introduction of foreign parasites by this vaccination to a region might result in novel more virulent genotypes. Therefore, this vaccine was not applied in a number of other countries like the Sudan, although there is an urgent demand for vaccination. For T. annulata a live vaccine based on inoculation of schizont-infected leukocytes attenuated through passage in in vitro culture has been utilised for control and is deployed in North Africa, the Middle East and South Asia, but has not been established in regions of East Africa, Egypt and Sudan, where the disease is also found. The aim of the project will be to molecularly characterize parasite strains in the regions and to identify strains of T. parva and T. annulata suitable for the development of live vaccines. The project will result in the transfer of technologies required for specific diagnosis of the diseases, disease surveillance, management and control by producing vaccines.

在发展中世界热带和亚热带地区的大部分地区流行的硬虱传播疾病，如泰勒氏病，就其对资源贫乏的农业社区生计的影响而言，排名很高。泰勒虫病(由细小泰勒氏菌引起的东海岸热病和由环形泰勒氏菌引起的热带泰勒氏症)被认为是该病流行地区家畜发展的主要制约因素。目前，泰勒斯病和其他硬虱传播疾病的管理主要是通过使用杀螨剂控制硬蜱媒介，尽管由于对杀螨剂耐药性的增加和对食品安全的担忧，这是不可持续的。一种基于注射潜在致死剂量的子孢子和长效剂量的四环素的高效“感染和治疗”活疫苗长期以来一直在一些国家用于控制东海岸热。然而，人们担心，通过这种疫苗接种将外国寄生虫引入一个地区可能会导致新的更具毒性的基因类型。因此，这种疫苗没有在苏丹等其他一些国家应用，尽管存在接种疫苗的迫切需求。对于环形毛滴虫，一种基于接种感染裂殖体的白细胞的活疫苗已被用于控制，并在北非、中东和南亚部署，但尚未在东非、埃及和苏丹等地区建立，这些地区也发现了这种疾病。该项目的目的将是对该地区的寄生虫菌株进行分子表征，并确定适合开发活疫苗的微小毛滴虫和环毛虫的菌株。该项目将导致转让通过生产疫苗进行疾病具体诊断、疾病监测、管理和控制所需的技术。