An Empirical Investigation of Peer Effects in Schools and of Household Responses to School Policy Changes

学校同伴效应和家庭对学校政策变化反应的实证调查

• 批准号: 0339000
• 负责人: Thomas Nechyba
• 金额: $ 36.11万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0339000&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Empirical; Investigation; Peer; Effects; Schools

ABSTRACTPROPOSAL NO: 0339000 INSTITUTION: Duke UniversityNSF PROGRAM: ENHANCING HUMAN PERFORMANCEPI: Nechyba, ThomasTITLE: An Empirical Investigation of Peer Effects in Schools and of Household Responses to School Policy ChangesThis research empirically investigates the size and nature of peer effects in North Carolina public schools and how parents choose schools (and thus how peer groups within schools endogenously form) both through their choices of residential location and their choices of school type (private or public). A new and unique dataset from the North Carolina Education Research (NCER) Data Center contains detailed information on all North Carolina public school students in grades 3 through 8 over a five-year period. Students are linked to teachers and this allows for a variety of definitions of peer groups, including at the classroom rather than the grade or school level. Student addresses, available for all public school students, will be linked to addresses in privately available mortgage/renter datasets that include a wealth of household information not typically available in education datasets of this kind. This data will be the basis for the research.In addition to permitting researchers to use more extensive household controls, this dataset permits the separate identification of students who (i) remain within North Carolina public schools over the sample period regardless of whether they move and switch schools, (ii) switch between public and private schools, and (iii) enter or exit the state and thus enter or drop out of the school dataset. The NCER dataset is currently available and can be used in pursuit of the first of the identification of peer effects and the evaluation of the precise nature of peer effects within schools. Merging the private mortgage/renter data for the Raleigh-Durham metropolitan area with the NCER data permits the researchers to investigate the second objective of the proposal. Policy experiments and frequent school neighborhood boundary changes within the Raleigh Durham area will be used to identify determinants of household choices over residential location and school type. This lays the groundwork for a more ambitious effort to merge similar mortgage/renter data with the entire NCER dataset in order to create a single dataset with extensive information on all students, teachers, schools, peers and households within North Carolina. This would be the only dataset of its kind. The research results will be useful in several ways: Because the research allows the testing the importance of different types of peer groups, it is likely to make substantial advances in identifying the causal nature of peer effects. Second, the research will yield insights for policymakers whose efforts are often frustrated by household choices that respond to policy changes. Finally, the project lays the groundwork for the construction of a very comprehensive education dataset that combines detailed information on students, households, peers and teachers.

摘要提案编号：0339000机构：杜克大学NSF认证：增强人体免疫力CEPI： Nechyba，Mr.学校同伴效应及家庭对学校政策变化反应的实证研究本研究实证研究了北卡罗来纳州公立学校同伴效应的大小和性质，以及家长如何通过选择居住地点和选择学校类型（私立或公立）来选择学校（以及学校内的同伴群体如何内生形成）。来自北卡罗来纳州教育研究（NCER）数据中心的一个新的独特的数据集包含了五年内所有北卡罗来纳州公立学校3至8年级学生的详细信息。学生与教师联系在一起，这就允许对同龄群体有各种定义，包括在课堂上，而不是在年级或学校一级。所有公立学校学生都可以使用的学生地址，将与私人可用的抵押/租房数据集中的地址相关联，这些数据集中包括大量在此类教育数据集中通常无法获得的家庭信息。这些数据将成为研究的基础。除了允许研究人员使用更广泛的家庭控制外，该数据集还允许单独识别以下学生：（i）在样本期内留在北卡罗来纳州公立学校，无论他们是否搬家和转学，（ii）在公立和私立学校之间转换，以及（iii）进入或退出所述州并因此进入或退出所述学校数据集。 NCER数据集是目前可用的，可以用来追求的第一个同伴效应的识别和学校内的同伴效应的确切性质的评估。将罗利-达勒姆大都市区的私人抵押贷款/租房者数据与NCER数据合并，使研究人员能够调查该提案的第二个目标。政策实验和频繁的学校附近的边界变化内的罗利达勒姆地区将被用来确定家庭选择的决定因素，在住宅位置和学校类型。这为将类似的抵押贷款/租房者数据与整个NCER数据集合并的更雄心勃勃的努力奠定了基础，以便创建一个包含北卡罗来纳州内所有学生，教师，学校，同龄人和家庭的广泛信息的单一数据集。这将是同类数据集中唯一的一个。研究结果将在几个方面是有用的：由于研究允许测试不同类型的同伴群体的重要性，它很可能在确定同伴效应的因果性质方面取得实质性进展。其次，这项研究将为政策制定者提供见解，他们的努力往往因家庭对政策变化的选择而受挫。最后，该项目为建立一个非常全面的教育数据集奠定了基础，该数据集综合了关于学生、家庭、同龄人和教师的详细信息。