EITM: Minimization of complexity in human concept learning

这个项目研究了人类学习者如何从例子中形成概括，重点是概念复杂性如何影响学习。在归纳概念时，就像当学习者在看了几张单独的椅子后形成“椅子”概念的抽象时，人类学习者倾向于简单；也就是说，他们倾向于归纳出与例子相一致的最简单的概括。然而，“简单”一词的确切含义是出了名的难以用严谨的理论来解释的。这个项目利用了最近在量化概念的简单性和复杂性方面取得的进展，这些进展在数学上是合理的，在心理上是准确的。该项目试图将这一进展推广到比以前更广泛的人类概念类型，包括“模糊”概率概念和连续特征定义的概念。该项目包括数学建模和对人类受试者进行广泛的实验，以学习各种各样的概念。通过扩展我们对人类学习中复杂性最小化的理解，该项目旨在建立一个更完整的人类学习机制描述。这个项目有许多潜在的科学效益，包括对人类学习的更好理解和更有效的自动化学习机制的可能性。更广泛地说，这个项目有可能帮助量化是什么让一些概念比其他概念更容易让人类学习，这可能直接应用于教育实践和对学习障碍的治疗理解。

This project investigates how human learners form generalizations from examples, focusing on how conceptual complexity influences learning. When inducing concepts, as when a learner forms an abstraction of the concept "chair" after viewing only a few individual chairs, human learners have a bias towards simplicity; i.e., they tend to induce the simplest generalizations consistent with the examples. The exact meaning of the term "simple," however, is notoriously difficult to capture in a rigorous theory. This project draws on recent progress in quantifying conceptual simplicity and complexity in ways that are both mathematically sound and psychologically accurate. The project seeks to generalize this progress to apply to a wider range of human conceptual types than has previously been possible, including "fuzzy" probabilistic concepts and concepts defined over continuous features. The project involves both mathematical modeling and extensive experiments on human subjects learning a wide variety of concepts. By extending our understanding of complexity-minimization in human learning, the project aims to build a more complete account of the mechanisms underlying human learning.This project has many potential scientific benefits, including a greater understanding of human learning and the possibility of more effective automated learning mechanisms. More broadly, this project has the potential to help quantify what makes some concepts inherently easier for humans to learn than others, which could have direct applications to education practices and to treatment understanding of learning disorders.