Precipitation and Convective Statistics in the Trades: Observations, Simulation and Parameterization

行业中的降水和对流统计：观测、模拟和参数化

• 批准号: 0342625
• 负责人: Bjorn Stevens
• 金额: $ 55.18万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0342625&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Precipitation; Convective; Statistics; Trades; Observations

Within the "Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean" (RICO) experiment, this investigator will use measurements from a research radar and an instrumented aircraft to characterize the mesoscale and climate-scale properties of fields of trade-wind Cumuli. In contrast to most previous studies that have relied either on analyses of budgets or on in situ observations, this study will combine remote sensing and in situ measurements in order to characterize entire fields of clouds. The result will be a climatologically meaningful data set with supplementary detailed documentation of properties of the cloud fields in a few representative cases. The scientific goals are: (i) to determine statistically meaningful characteristics of trade-wind Cumuli and variations in those characteristics attributable to large-scale forcing (e.g., caused by passing weather systems); (ii) to determine if models, especially those that rely upon large-eddy-simulation, can reproduce and explain those variations; and (iii) to investigate the influence of precipitation on the measured properties of the cloud fields. The project thus seeks to use the detailed studies of individual clouds to be conducted in RICO to determine the ensemble properties of such clouds, needed if the influence of such cloud fields are to be incorporated into mesoscale and climate models. The expected result is improved understanding of the transport of moisture, energy, and momentum by trade-wind clouds and better knowledge of how to represent those effects in weather and climate systems.The project will also contribute to the training of graduate students and postdoctoral scientists in this area of research, both through their direct involvement in this project and through the RICO graduate-student seminar series. Another expected broader impact is the development of a benchmark data set against which models of tradewind Cumuli will be tested in this and future studies. This should be an important step toward better representation of the ensemble characteristics of these important tropical regions in climate models.

在“海洋积云雨”（RICO）实验中，研究人员将使用研究雷达和仪表飞机的测量数据来表征信风积云场的中尺度和气候尺度特性。与之前大多数依赖预算分析或现场观测的研究相比，本研究将结合遥感和现场测量来描述整个云场的特征。结果将是一个具有气候学意义的数据集，其中包含一些代表性案例中云场属性的补充详细文档。科学目标是： (i) 确定信风积云具有统计意义的特征以及由于大规模强迫（例如，由经过的天气系统引起的）导致的这些特征的变化； (ii) 确定模型，尤其是那些依赖于大涡模拟的模型，是否可以重现并解释这些变化； (iii) 研究降水对云场测量特性的影响。因此，该项目寻求利用 RICO 中对单个云进行的详细研究来确定此类云的整体特性，如果要将此类云场的影响纳入中尺度和气候模型，则需要这样做。预期的结果是加深对信风云传输水分、能量和动量的了解，并更好地了解如何表示这些影响对天气和气候系统的影响。该项目还将通过直接参与该项目和 RICO 研究生研讨会系列，为该研究领域的研究生和博士后科学家的培训做出贡献。另一个预期更广泛的影响是开发一个基准数据集，在本次研究和未来的研究中将根据该数据集测试 Tradewind Cumuli 模型。这应该是朝着在气候模型中更好地表示这些重要热带地区的整体特征迈出的重要一步。