Individual-Particle Studies of Cloud Droplet Residues and Ambient Aerosols in RICO: Effects of Particle Size, Composition, Surface Properties and Mixing State on Trade-Wind Cumuli

RICO 中云滴残留物和环境气溶胶的单个颗粒研究：颗粒尺寸、成分、表面性质和混合状态对信风积云的影响

• 批准号: 0342648
• 负责人: James Anderson
• 金额: $ 26.7万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2007-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0342648&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Individual; Particle; Studies; Cloud; Droplet

This project is part of a larger collaborative experiment called "Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean" (RICO), which will be conducted from November 2004 to January 2005 near Antigua. A primary RICO objective is to understand warm-rain formation, the formation of rain in clouds that do not reach the freezing level. To contribute to that goal, these investigators will determine the composition and concentration of particles present in the air where clouds and rain form. Large particles, with sizes of a few to tens of micrometers, are thought to play an especially important role in the initiation of rainfall from warm clouds. Using a research aircraft, the investigators will collect samples of such particles and analyze them using electron microscopy to determine their sizes, composition, and concentration. They will compare samples collected outside cloud to those obtained by evaporation of cloud droplets in cloud to help determine how particles influence the formation of cloud droplets and how the internal composition of the drops is modified while they are in cloud. The study will also assess the importance of mineral-dust particles, sea-salt particles, and particles containing elemental carbon and organic species. The results will be used by these investigators and others in RICO to understand how large aerosol particles influence the formation of rain in trade-wind Cumulus clouds.

该项目是一个名为“海洋积云降雨”的更大的合作实验的一部分，该实验将于2004年11月至2005年1月在安提瓜附近进行。RICO的一个主要目标是了解暖雨的形成，即在没有达到冻结水平的云中形成雨。为了实现这一目标，这些研究人员将确定云和雨形成的空气中存在的颗粒的成分和浓度。尺寸在几微米到几十微米的大颗粒被认为在暖云降雨的启动中起着特别重要的作用。使用研究飞机，调查人员将收集这些颗粒的样本，并使用电子显微镜进行分析，以确定它们的大小，成分和浓度。他们将比较在云外收集的样本与通过云中云滴蒸发获得的样本，以帮助确定粒子如何影响云滴的形成，以及云滴的内部成分在云中时如何改变。这项研究还将评估矿物尘埃颗粒、海盐颗粒以及含有元素碳和有机物的颗粒的重要性。这些结果将被这些研究人员和RICO的其他人用来了解大的气溶胶颗粒如何影响信风积云中的降雨形成。