Symposium: Bateman's Principle: Is it Time for a Re-evaluation? January 2004, New Orleans, Louisiana

研讨会：贝特曼原理：是时候重新评估了吗？

• 批准号: 0343067
• 负责人: Zuleyma Tang-Martinez
• 金额: $ 1.32万
• 依托单位: Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-11-15 至 2004-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0343067&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Symposium; Bateman; Principle; Time; Re

Many areas in animal behavior, including evolution of a) matings systems (e.g. monogamy, polygamy); b) sexual selection (differences between the sexes that make one sex better able to compete for the other sex - e.g., the peacock's tail); and c) differences in male-female sexual behavior, have been profoundly influenced by a paradigm known as "Bateman's Principle". In 1948, Bateman, working with fruitflies, concluded that males compete for females - some males gain many matings while others do not; most females do mate. Moreover, male fertility increased with the number of mates, but female fertility did not. These results were ascribed to the fact that males produce billions of sperm, while females have relatively few eggs. Consequently, males should indiscriminately try to mate with as many females as possible, but females should be discriminating, sexually passive, and mate only with one "best" male. Bateman predicted that females should favor monogamy, and males promiscuity. Because males compete for females, sexual selection should be more important in males. These ideas began to be questioned when modern data showed that, in some species, these predictions do not fit. Some males may carefully choose among females and even refuse to mate with "inferior" females. Presumably monogamous females may actively seek copulations with multiple males, and thereby increase their fertility.This symposium brings together experts to evaluate which aspects of Bateman's Principles are still valid, and how modern data on male-female sexual behavior and its effects on fertility may impact our understanding of Bateman's paradigm.

动物行为的许多领域，包括进化a)交配系统（如一夫一妻制、一夫多妻制）；B)性选择（两性之间的差异使一种性别更有能力竞争另一种性别——例如，孔雀的尾巴）；c)男女性行为的差异深受“贝特曼原则”的影响。1948年，贝特曼在研究果蝇时得出结论，雄性会为雌性而竞争——一些雄性会获得很多交配机会，而另一些则不会；大多数雌性会交配。此外，雄性的生育能力随着配偶数量的增加而增加，而雌性的生育能力则没有。这些结果归因于男性产生数十亿精子，而女性产生相对较少的卵子。因此，雄性应该不分青红皂白地尝试与尽可能多的雌性交配，但雌性应该是有区别的，性被动的，只与一个“最好的”雄性交配。贝特曼预测，女性应该倾向于一夫一妻制，而男性则倾向于滥交。因为雄性为雌性而竞争，性选择在雄性中应该更重要。当现代数据显示，在某些物种中，这些预测并不符合时，这些观点开始受到质疑。一些雄性可能会在雌性中仔细选择，甚至拒绝与“劣等”雌性交配。据推测，一夫一妻制的雌性可能会积极寻求与多个雄性交配，从而提高它们的生育能力。本次研讨会汇集了专家来评估贝特曼原则的哪些方面仍然有效，以及关于男女性行为及其对生育能力的影响的现代数据如何影响我们对贝特曼范式的理解。