External influences and internal variation in current Hawai`i Creole English

当前夏威夷克里奥尔英语的外部影响和内部变化

• 批准号: 0345959
• 负责人: Jeffrey Siegel
• 金额: $ 17.73万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-15 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0345959&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: External; influences; internal; variation; current

With National Science Foundation support, Dr. Jeffrey A. Siegel will conduct a three-year study study of Hawai'i Creole English (HCE). Locally known as "Pidgin," this creole language arose among the multi-ethnic immigrant work force on sugar plantations in Hawai'I, and is currently spoken by approximately 600,000 people. The aims of the project are twofold. The first is to describe the grammatical features of modern HCE as well as linguistic variation, both in its current use and over time. The second aim is to examine the external influences on the development of the language. These include the original languages of the plantation workers (especially Hawaiian, Portuguese, Cantonese and Japanese), as well as those of more recent immigrants to Hawai'i (such as Tagalog and Ilocano). The project will create two computer databases for analysis. The written database will include published literature using the language from the last three decades. The spoken database will include transcriptions of recordings of speakers made by HCE-speaking fieldworkers hired and trained for the project. The sources of spoken data will be of two types: recordings of a wide range of speakers telling stories, and longer recordings of a few members of two different social groups, one in an immigrant community, done over longer periods of time. In addition, follow-up recordings will be made of speakers who were previously recorded by other researchers in 1975 and 1989. This will allow an investigation of the changes that have taken place in the speech of individuals as well as in the language as a whole.The findings of this project will have both theoretical and practical significance. First, it has been claimed that HCE shows very little influence from other languages and that, rather, it reflects universal linguistic characteristics that are part of human genetic endowment. In fact, HCE is often referred to as evidence of an innate mental faculty for language. Findings from this project will be used to critically examine these claims. Second, like other creole languages, HCE has a continuum of varieties ranging from those most different from the language which provided the bulk of the vocabulary (English, in the case of HCE), to those most similar to it. For decades sociolinguists have been arguing about whether this kind of continuum results from individuals changing their speech in their lifetimes or whether it reflects generational changes in the speech community. This project will examine the longitudinal data (from 1975 to the present) to throw some light on this question. The project will also have practical significance for educational policies. Educators have blamed HCE for poor results in national tests of reading and writing. Special educational programs for HCE speakers have been conducted in the past, attempting to use the students' own language as a bridge to standard English. But a major problem has been the lack of a resource for teachers providing general information about current HCE. This project will produce such a resource, and will also disseminate information through a non-technical web site and teacher workshops.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，Jeffrey A. Siegel 博士将对夏威夷克里奥尔英语 (HCE) 进行为期三年的研究。 这种克里奥尔语在当地被称为“洋泾浜语”，起源于夏威夷甘蔗种植园的多民族移民劳动力，目前约有 60 万人使用这种语言。该项目的目标是双重的。第一个是描述现代 HCE 的语法特征以及语言变化，无论是在当前使用中还是随着时间的推移。第二个目的是研究外部因素对语言发展的影响。其中包括种植园工人的原始语言（特别是夏威夷语、葡萄牙语、粤语和日语），以及夏威夷新移民的语言（例如他加禄语和伊洛卡诺语）。该项目将创建两个计算机数据库用于分析。书面数据库将包括过去三十年使用该语言出版的文献。口语数据库将包括为该项目雇用和培训的讲 HCE 语言的现场工作人员录制的演讲者录音转录。口头数据的来源有两种类型：广泛的演讲者讲故事的录音，以及两个不同社会群体（其中一个在移民社区）的少数成员的较长录音，时间较长。此外，后续录音将由其他研究人员在1975年和1989年录制的讲话者进行。这将有助于调查个人言语以及整个语言所发生的变化。该项目的研究结果将具有理论和实践意义。首先，有人声称 HCE 受到其他语言的影响很小，相反，它反映了作为人类遗传天赋一部分的通用语言特征。事实上，HCE 通常被认为是与生俱来的语言心理能力的证据。该项目的调查结果将用于严格审查这些说法。其次，与其他克里奥尔语一样，HCE 具有一系列变体，从与提供大量词汇的语言（就 HCE 而言为英语）最不同的变体到与其最相似的变体。几十年来，社会语言学家一直在争论这种连续体是否是个人在其一生中改变言语的结果，或者是否反映了言语社区的代际变化。该项目将检查纵向数据（从 1975 年至今），以阐明这个问题。 该项目对于教育政策也具有实际意义。 教育工作者将国家阅读和写作考试成绩不佳归咎于 HCE。过去曾针对 HCE 使用者开展过特殊教育计划，试图利用学生自己的语言作为通向标准英语的桥梁。但一个主要问题是教师缺乏资源来提供有关当前 HCE 的一般信息。该项目将制作这样的资源，并将通过非技术网站和教师研讨会传播信息。