Microlayer and Nanolayer Polymeric Materials

微层和纳米层高分子材料

• 批准号: 0349436
• 负责人: Eric Baer
• 金额: $ 34.5万
• 依托单位: Case Western Reserve University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0349436&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microlayer; Nanolayer; Polymeric; Materials

Layer-multiplying technology will be used to fabricate unique structures of otherwise incompatible polymers. In contrast to the well-known concept of self-assembly, layer multiplication uses forced-assembly to create thousands of alternating nanolayers of two polymers with individual layer thickness less than 10 nm. The assemblies of thousands of continuous polymer nanolayers fabricated by this method are easily handled and are amenable to characterization by conventional methods of polymer analysis. This allows us to probe phenomena that occur only on the size scale of the macromolecule, and to fabricate new materials that incorporate the unique properties of this size scale. The proposed research intends to: (1) Explore the polymer "interphase" that forms when two immiscible polymers are brought into intimate contact, and create new materials based on the unique properties of the "interphase"; (2) Explore crystallization of polymers in confined nanolayer spaces; (3) Investigate melt breakup of nanolayers into nanodroplets, and subsequent fractionated nucleation and crystallization of nanodroplets; and (4) Create nanofibers and nonoporous membranes by orientation of nanolayered films.Motivated by the need for new processing technologies to develop the engineered nanstructures of the future, a facility for layer-multiplying coextrusion was developed at Case Western Reserve University. The laboratory at CWRU is the only facility at a public institution with the processing flexibility needed to explore the wide range of new materials systems possible with this technology. The graduate and undergraduate students that participate in the research will have the opportunity to use a unique coextrusion process, to address fundamental problems related to the behavior of polymers at the nanoscale, and to design and realize materials systems that were not possible previously. Through written and oral communications, the fundamental insights and the unique opportunities provided by this versatile technology will be translated to the field at large, including the industrial sector. Ultimately, nanoprocessing, as exemplified by nanolayer coextrusion, can be the basis for creating "smart" materials with multiple functions. Fabrication of tough films and sheet that possess specific optical properties, and additionally exhibit barrier characteristics or unusual electronic properties, seems possible.

层倍增技术将用于制造其他不相容聚合物的独特结构。 与众所周知的自组装概念相反，层倍增使用强制组装来创建数千个交替的两种聚合物的纳米层，其中单个层厚度小于10 nm。 通过这种方法制造的数千个连续聚合物纳米层的组件很容易处理，并且可以通过聚合物分析的常规方法进行表征。 这使我们能够探测仅发生在大分子尺寸尺度上的现象，并制造出具有这种尺寸尺度独特性质的新材料。 拟议的研究旨在：（1）探索当两种不混溶的聚合物紧密接触时形成的聚合物“界面”，并基于“界面”的独特性质创造新材料;（2）探索聚合物在受限纳米层空间中的结晶;（3）研究纳米层熔融破碎成纳米液滴，以及随后纳米液滴的分级成核和结晶;（4）通过纳米层薄膜的取向制备纳米纤维和无孔膜。由于需要新的加工技术来开发未来的工程纳米结构，凯斯西储大学开发了一种层倍增共挤出设备。 CWRU的实验室是公共机构中唯一一个具有处理灵活性的设施，可以探索这种技术可能的各种新材料系统。 参与研究的研究生和本科生将有机会使用独特的共挤出工艺，解决与纳米级聚合物行为相关的基本问题，并设计和实现以前不可能的材料系统。 通过书面和口头交流，这种多功能技术提供的基本见解和独特机会将被广泛地转化为包括工业部门在内的整个领域。 最终，纳米加工，例如纳米层共挤出，可以成为创造具有多种功能的“智能”材料的基础。 制造具有特定光学性质的坚韧膜和片材，并且另外表现出阻挡特性或不寻常的电子性质，似乎是可能的。