NANOCELL

NANOCELL的使命是设计细胞的仿生分子机器，作为构建模块，可以稳健和灵活地组装成具有自然界中未发现的可控功能的纳米细胞。为了实现这一目标，我们将把自然界的细胞机器拆开，探索它们以新方式重组的潜力。类似于分子工厂的合成“纳米细胞”是推动该项目的一个强烈愿景。在其第一步中，NANOCELL将掌握自然界开发的以下生物分子机器的控制，（i）F1 Fo-ATP酶，（ii）ATP驱动的核酸易位机器，（iii）基于ATP合酶的推进器，（iv）质子驱动的药物，溶质和肽转运蛋白，以及（v）光谱调谐的光驱动质子泵。这些机器中的大多数都有一个共同点，即它们的结构和机制和/或它们的功能最近已经被描述为前所未有的精确度，这使得现在有机会转向这种工程方法。从合成生物学的方法，我们将这些机器重组成稳定的合成囊泡。为生物分子机器提供动力的质子梯度将由光谱可调的光驱动质子泵细菌视紫红质和变形视紫红质产生。短期目标是开发策略来操纵和设计个体生物分子机器，以用作构建模块来建立纳米细胞。将建立将其重组为构建未来NANOCELL框架的合成囊泡的程序。从长远来看，我们打算使用这些工程构建模块中的几个来创建复杂的纳米细胞。通过这种建立工程化构建模块的方法，我们可以使纳米细胞功能化，以产生例如质子梯度，该质子梯度引导药物、肽、DNA或溶质的摄取或释放，或者物理地移动纳米细胞。它还被认为是光谱调谐质子梯度，以合成用于NANOCELL内最小代谢过程的ATP。

The mission of NANOCELL is to engineer biomimetic molecular machineries of the cell as building blocks that can be robustly and flexibly assembled to nanocells with controllable functionality not found in nature. To approach this goal, we will take nature’s cellular machineries apart and explore their potential to reconstitute them in new ways. The synthetic ‘NANOCELL’ resembling a molecular factory is one strong vision that drives the project. In its first step NANOCELL will master the control of the following biomolecular machines developed by nature, (i) F1Fo-ATP synthases, (ii) ATP-driven nucleic acid translocating machines, (iii) ATP synthase based propellers, (iv) proton-driven drug, solute and peptide transporters, and (v) spectrally tuned light-driven proton pumps. Most of these machines have in common that either their structure and mechanism and/or their function have been characterized to unprecedented accuracy very recently, which bears the chance to move on now to this engineering approach. From a synthetic biology approach we will reconstitute these machines into stable synthetic vesicles. Proton gradients that either power biomolecular machines will be generated by spectrally tunable light-driven proton pumps bacterio- and proteorhodopsins. Short-term goals are to develop strategies to manipulate and engineer the individual biomolecular machines to be used as building blocks to establish a NANOCELL. Procedures for their reconstitution into synthetic vesicles building the frame of the future NANOCELL will be established. In the long-term, we intend to use several of these engineered building blocks to create complex NANOCELLS. With this approach of establishing engineered building blocks we can functionalize NANOCELLS to generate, for example, a proton-gradient that guides the uptake or release of drugs, peptides, DNA, or solutes or to physically move the NANOCELL. It is also thought to spectrally tune proton-gradients to synthesize ATP used for minimal metabolic processes within the NANOCELL.