Genetic and Ecotypic Structure of Natural Saccharomyces Populations

天然酵母菌种群的遗传和生态型结构

• 批准号: 0351445
• 负责人: Paul Sniegowski
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-03-01 至 2008-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0351445&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Genetic; Ecotypic; Structure; Natural; Saccharomyces

This project will study the structure and ecological variability of naturally occurring populations of the brewer's and baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its sister species Saccharomyces paradoxus. In preliminary work, the principle investigator (PI) has shown that both of these yeast species are widespread in natural woodland environments, where they are found in association with oaks. The PI's laboratory has established a large collection of both species from such habitats in the midwestern and mid-Atlantic United States. In the current project, further collections of both species will be carried out at vineyard sites in the same regions. DNA sequence data and standard microbiological methods will then be used to characterize geographic patterns of genetic variability, inbreeding, and ecological variability in these organisms for the first time.Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most important organisms in basic and applied genetic research. Study of its genome has greatly accelerated genomics in other higher organisms, including humans. Surprisingly, however, we know little about the ecology and evolution of S. cerevisiae in nature. This project will answer fundamental questions about the population biology of yeast in nature and will provide a basis for future research integrating evolution, ecology, and genomics using yeast as both a laboratory and a field model organism.

该项目将研究啤酒和面包酵母酿酒酵母及其姐妹物种奇异酵母自然种群的结构和生态变异性。在初步工作中，首席研究员 (PI) 表明，这两种酵母菌广泛存在于天然林地环境中，并与橡树相关。 PI 的实验室已从美国中西部和大西洋中部的此类栖息地收集了大量这两种物种。在当前的项目中，这两个物种的进一步收集将在同一地区的葡萄园进行。然后，DNA 序列数据和标准微生物学方法将首次用于表征这些生物体的遗传变异性、近亲繁殖和生态变异性的地理模式。酿酒酵母是基础和应用遗传研究中最重要的生物体之一。对其基因组的研究极大地加速了包括人类在内的其他高等生物的基因组学研究。然而，令人惊讶的是，我们对自然界中酿酒酵母的生态和进化知之甚少。该项目将回答有关自然界中酵母群体生物学的基本问题，并为未来利用酵母作为实验室和现场模型生物整合进化、生态学和基因组学的研究奠定基础。