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DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Transposable Element Sequence Evolution in Natural Saccharomyces Populations

论文研究：天然酵母菌群中的转座元件序列进化

基本信息

批准号：
0308917
负责人：
Paul Sniegowski
金额：
$ 1.01万
依托单位：
University of Pennsylvania
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-07-01 至 2004-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0308917&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Transposable Element Sequence

项目摘要

Transposable elements are stretches of DNA with the ability to insert themselves, or copies of themselves, into new sites in the genomes of their hosts. This project will study how the force of natural selection affects the maintenance and distribution of these elements. These questions will be addressed by examining DNA sequences of the transposable element Ty3 in natural isolates of two yeast species: Saccharomyces cerevisiae (the common brewers' and bakers' yeast) and its close relative Saccharomyces paradoxus. The amount and type of variation in Ty3 DNA sequences will be analyzed to reveal how natural selection is acting on Ty3 elements in these populations.Transposable elements have been discovered in virtually every organism with a well-characterized genome, including the human genome. The movement and replication of these elements is a major source of harmful genetic mutations, and this observation has led to the theory that transposable elements are DNA parasites. This "selfish DNA" hypothesis remains to be tested rigorously in diverse natural populations of organisms. The project described in this proposal focuses on the primary organism studied in modern genomic research (yeast) and integrates genomic and molecular methods with evolutionary approaches to further our understanding of the biological significance of transposable elements.

转座因子是能够将自身或自身副本插入宿主基因组新位点的DNA片段。这个项目将研究自然选择的力量如何影响这些元素的维持和分布。这些问题将通过研究转座因子Ty3的DNA序列在两个酵母物种的自然分离株：酿酒酵母（常见的啤酒和面包酵母）和其近亲矛盾酵母。Ty3 DNA序列的变异量和类型将被分析，以揭示自然选择是如何作用于Ty3元件在这些population.Transposable元件已被发现在几乎每一个生物体具有良好的特征基因组，包括人类基因组。这些元件的移动和复制是有害基因突变的主要来源，这一观察导致了转座元件是DNA寄生虫的理论。这种“自私的DNA”假说还有待于在不同的自然生物种群中进行严格的检验。本计划书中描述的项目集中于现代基因组研究中研究的主要生物体（酵母），并将基因组和分子方法与进化方法相结合，以进一步了解转座因子的生物学意义。