Quantum chromodynamics in nuclear and polarized scattering

该提案要求一名研究助理和一名学生与资深参与者就与正在布鲁克海文、杰斐逊和费米国家实验室、斯坦福直线加速器中心以及现有和计划中的国际实验室进行的实验有关的量子色动力学(QCD)主题开展工作。这些实验涉及原子核和/或核子(质子和中子)的碰撞。他们测试物质的基本性质，通过研究基本粒子、夸克和胶子是如何在膨胀的宇宙最早阶段自由运动，变成约束(约束)组成中子和质子(核子)的。核子又构成了所有原子的原子核。此外，通过极化(对齐)碰撞的核子，实验以新颖的方式揭示了它们的内部结构。QCD被普遍认为是核子和原子核形成的控制理论，但它在碰撞中约束夸克和产生新粒子的机制尚不完全清楚，是理论物理中最重要的挑战之一。拟议的研究将有助于在实验和分析期间综合和扩展这一领域的基本粒子和核物理现有的理论方法。该项目的进展也可能对几个相关的理论领域产生影响。该项目将为扩大核能和高能界之间以及理论和实验之间的联系提供一个理想的机会。它的特点是综合研究和培训，并将为初级参与者提供职业提升的机会。这项工作的专业环境将强调现场内和现场之间的沟通。

This proposal requests the support of one research associate and one student to work with senior participants on topics in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) relevant to ongoing experiments that are carried out at the Brookhaven, Jefferson and Fermi National Laboratories and the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, as well as at international laboratories present and planned. These experiments, involve colliding nuclei and/or nucleons (protons and neutrons). They test basic properties of matter, through the investigation of how the elementary particles, quarks and gluons, which moved freely at the earliest stages of the expanding universe, became bound ('confined') to make up neutrons and protons (nucleons). Nucleons in turn constitute the nuclei of all atoms. Also, by polarizing (aligning the spin of) nucleons that are collided, experiments shed light on their internal structure in novel ways. QCD is generally accepted as the controlling theory for the formation of nucleons and nuclei, but the mechanisms by which it acts to confine quarks and produce new particles in collisions are not fully understood, and is one of the most important challenges in theoretical physics. The proposed research will help to synthesize and extend existing theoretical methods from elementary particle and nuclear physics in this area during a period in which experiments are being performed and analyzed. Progress resulting from this project may also have impact on several related theoretical areas. This project will provide an ideal opportunity for broadening contact between the nuclear and high energy communities, and between theory and experiment. It is characterized by integrated research and training, and will provide career-enhancing opportunities for the junior participants. The professional environment of this work will emphasize intra- and inter-field communication.