Theoretical Physics

该奖项资助石溪大学的Maria C. Gonzalez-Garcia、Patrick Meade、Leonardo Rastelli、Martin Rocek、Robert Shrock、George Sterman和Alexander Zamolodchikov教授的研究活动。随着新技术和新能力的发展，物理学不断发展，以理解自然世界。该奖项支持理论物理学中广泛而又密切相关的一系列主题的研究。通过促进美国国内的基础科学进步，参与每一个知识前沿都符合国家利益。研究将包括对基本粒子的高能碰撞的分析，这将探索物质宇宙赖以存在的基本定律，并提出涉及基本粒子和原子核的新实验的建议。这些努力将补充对引力、空间和时间的深层奥秘的研究，以及自然界中所有已知力相互关联的可能性，将引力本身与在电现象、放射性和核物理学中看到的力统一起来。在量子场论中发展的理论方法也被发现在固体性质和流体湍流中有令人兴奋的应用。这项研究提高了我们对自然规律的认识，有助于更好地理解物理宇宙，对我们的世界观产生了重大而广泛的影响和影响。事实上，这些教员研究的许多课题——包括中微子、希格斯玻色子、黑洞和弦——经常被学术界以外的人讨论。该奖项下开展的研究还将用于培养最高水平的研究生和指导博士后。与该基金相关的教师与研究生一起进行研究，并在课堂内外与本科生和社区成员分享他们的经验和专业知识。个别成员也将继续他们自己的外联活动，其中包括在高中研究指导和组织科学剧本创作比赛方面的成功传统。在技术层面，该奖项将支持广泛的理论物理学研究，主要基于量子场论、正在进行和计划中的实验数据的现象学分析、统计力学和弦理论。近年来，粒子物理学的理论和实验的结合得到了加强，从大型强子对撞机、中微子天文台、宇宙射线卫星，到现在的引力波探测器，综合了数据。这些关于我们宇宙的新信息来源使理论学家能够根据不断发展的数据检验长期存在的观点，并开发新的理论方法来指导实验。理解粒子物理学标准模型的非凡成就，以及它如何嵌入到一个更基本的理论中，将需要在微扰和非微扰场论中发展新的精确技术。目前正在研究分析现有数据的新方法，并计划对风味量子数和中微子质量进行实验。同时，量子场论和弦理论的新应用，包括理论对偶，共形对称性。可积性在粒子物理学内外得到了发展，为凝聚态物理学、统计力学和纯数学的研究开辟了意想不到的途径。作为这些历史性发展的积极参与者，与该奖项相关的高级人员将继续在有或没有超对称的量子场论、高能对撞机现象学、模型构建、量子色动力学、中微子、天体粒子物理学、规范引力对偶的应用、共形场论、理论空间概念、标准模型的扩展、电弱对称性破缺、在超弦中，在超对称规范理论的几何中。这项研究还将有助于培养新一代的博士后和研究生水平的理论家。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award funds the research activities of Professors Maria C. Gonzalez-Garcia, Patrick Meade, Leonardo Rastelli, Martin Rocek, Robert Shrock, George Sterman and Alexander Zamolodchikov at Stony Brook University. Physics is constantly evolving as new techniques and capabilities are developed to understand the natural world. This award supports research in a broad but deeply related set of topics in theoretical physics. Engagement at each of these frontiers of knowledge serves the national interest by advancing fundamental scientific progress within the United States. Investigations will include the analysis of high-energy collisions of elementary particles, which probe the fundamental laws upon which the material universe is based, and proposals for new experiments involving elementary particles and atomic nuclei. These efforts will complement studies of the deep mysteries of gravity, space, and time, and the possibility that all of the known forces in nature are related, unifying gravity itself with the forces that are seen in electrical phenomena, in radioactivity, and in nuclear physics. The theoretical methods developed in quantum field theory have also been found to have exciting applications to the properties of solids and to turbulence in fluids. This research, by advancing our knowledge of the laws of nature and by contributing to a better understanding of the physical universe, has significant broader impacts and implications for our worldview. Indeed, many of the topics under study by these faculty members --- including neutrinos, the Higgs boson, black holes, and strings --- are frequently discussed beyond academia. The research to be carried out under this award will also serve in the training of graduate students and the mentoring of postdoctoral fellows at the highest level. The faculty associated with this grant conduct their research with graduate students, and share their experience and expertise with undergraduates and community members, in and beyond the classroom. Individual members will also continue their own outreach activities, which have included successful traditions in high-school research mentoring and in the organization of science playwriting competitions. At the technical level, this award will support research over a wide range of theoretical physics, largely based on quantum field theory, phenomenological analysis of ongoing and planned experimental data, statistical mechanics, and string theory. Recent years have seen a strengthening engagement of theory and experiment in particle physics, synthesizing data from the Large Hadron Collider, from neutrino observatories, from cosmic-ray satellites, and now from gravitational-wave detectors. These new sources of information concerning our universe enable theorists to test long-standing ideas against evolving data, and to develop new theoretical methods to guide experiment. Understanding the extraordinary successes of the Standard Model of particle physics and how it is embedded in a still more fundamental theory will require the development of new precision techniques in perturbative and nonperturbative field theory. New approaches for the analysis of existing data and in plannning experiments on flavor quantum numbers and neutrino masses are under study. At the same time, novel applications of quantum field theory and string theory, including theory duality, conformal symmetries. and integrability properties have been developed in and beyond particle physics, opening unexpected avenues of research into condensed-matter physics, statistical mechanics, and pure mathematics. As active participants in these historic developments, the senior personnel associated with this award will continue to develop their work in quantum field theories with and without supersymmetry, in high-energy collider phenomenology, in model building, in quantum chromodynamics, in neutrinos, in astroparticle physics, in applications of gauge-gravity duality, in conformal field theory, in the concept of theory space, in extensions of the Standard Model, in electroweak symmetry breaking, in superstrings, and in the geometry of supersymmetric gauge theories. This research will also help train a new generation of theorists at the postdoctoral and graduate levels.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.