Workshop on Advanced Approaches to Quantify Denitrification
量化反硝化先进方法研讨会
基本信息
- 批准号:0355366
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 3万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2004
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2004-01-01 至 2004-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
During the last few decades, the introduction of reactive nitrogen (N) into the biosphere by food and energy production has been greater than rates of N fixation in native terrestrial ecosystems. By far the largest uncertainty about the human domination of the N cycle on all scales is the amount of reactive N that is converted back to N2 during the last step of denitrification. Without this knowledge, it is impossible to determine the rate of accumulation of reactive N in most environmental reservoirs, and thus impossible to assess its long-term consequences. Nitrogen interacts with carbon and other nutrient cycles and has numerous cascading effects on water and air quality and climate. An improved understanding of where, when, and how much reactive N is denitrified could contribute to finding solutions to the problems created by excessive reactive N in the environment. Unfortunately, we have little knowledge about rates of denitrification across landscapes and waterscapes. We know the environmental conditions under which denitrification occurs, but reliable quantification of N2 production in the field is still relatively rare. There are three primary reasons for lack of knowledge about N2 production: (1) it is difficult to measure due to the high atmospheric background concentrations; (2) N2 production rates are very heterogeneous in space and time; and (3) there is a lack of synergy between the scientific communities that determine N2 production rates. We propose holding a 3-day workshop in May 2004 of about 35 participants to focus on quantification of N2 production via biological denitrification. The objectives of this workshop will be: (1) to evaluate the state of our knowledge of denitrification rates in a wide range of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; (2) to compare methodologies that have been adopted by different scientific disciplines, with the expectation that collaborations across disciplines could yield methodological advances; and (3) to chart out the current weaknesses and the actions needed to address those weaknesses for an improved global assessment of where, when, and how much reactive N is converted to N2 in the biosphere. Two important considerations will be superimposed over a matrix of ecosystem types and methodological approaches: (1) What are the appropriate scales over which N2 production can and should be measured?; and (2) How can models be integrated with the measurements to improve mechanistic understanding of the processes and permit estimation of fluxes at larger spatial scales, longer temporal scales, and across a range of forecasted scenarios? The results of the workshop will be published as one or more synthesis papers in a peer-reviewed journal. The broader impacts of this activity include an effort to direct our scientific understanding of the N cycle toward finding solutions to society.s concerns about eutrophication of the biosphere. The proposed workshop is being organized as an integral part of the International Nitrogen Initiative (INI), a joint project of SCOPE and IGBP. The overall goal of the INI is to optimize nitrogen's role in sustainable food and energy production, while minimizing negative effects on human health and the environment. Hence, this workshop is part of an effort that has board implications for society by contributing knowledge to future management the global N cycle to meet objectives of both food security and environmental quality.
在过去的几十年中,通过食物和能源生产将活性氮(N)引入生物圈的速度大于本地陆地生态系统的固氮速度。 迄今为止,人类在所有尺度上对氮循环的控制的最大不确定性是在反硝化的最后一步中转化回氮的活性氮的量。 如果没有这些知识,就不可能确定大多数环境库中活性氮的积累速率,从而无法评估其长期后果。 氮与碳和其他养分循环相互作用,并对水、空气质量和气候产生许多连锁效应。 更好地了解活性氮在何处、何时以及多少被反硝化,有助于找到解决环境中活性氮过多所造成的问题的方法。 不幸的是,我们对景观和水景的反硝化率知之甚少。 我们知道反硝化发生的环境条件,但现场可靠的 N2 产量定量仍然相对较少。 对N2产生缺乏了解的主要原因有3个:(1)大气背景浓度高,测量困难; (2) N2产率在空间和时间上具有很大的异质性; (3) 决定氮气生产率的科学界之间缺乏协同作用。 我们建议在 2004 年 5 月举办一次为期 3 天的研讨会,约有 35 名参与者,重点关注通过生物反硝化产生的 N2 的量化。 本次研讨会的目标是:(1)评估我们对各种陆地和水生生态系统反硝化率的了解; (2) 比较不同科学学科所采用的方法,期望跨学科合作能够取得方法上的进步; (3) 找出当前的弱点以及解决这些弱点所需的行动,以改进对生物圈中活性氮在何处、何时以及有多少转化为氮的全球评估。 两个重要的考虑因素将叠加在生态系统类型和方法方法的矩阵上:(1)可以并且应该测量氮气生产的适当规模是什么? (2)如何将模型与测量相结合,以提高对过程的机械理解,并允许在更大的空间尺度、更长的时间尺度以及一系列预测情景下估计通量? 研讨会的结果将作为一篇或多篇综合论文发表在同行评审的期刊上。 这项活动的更广泛影响包括努力引导我们对氮循环的科学理解,以找到解决社会对生物圈富营养化问题的解决方案。 拟议的研讨会是作为国际氮倡议 (INI) 的组成部分而组织的,INI 是 SCOPE 和 IGBP 的联合项目。 INI 的总体目标是优化氮在可持续食品和能源生产中的作用,同时最大限度地减少对人类健康和环境的负面影响。 因此,本次研讨会是一项对社会具有广泛影响的努力的一部分,通过为全球氮循环的未来管理贡献知识,以实现粮食安全和环境质量的目标。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Eric Davidson其他文献
Classifying User Behavior in Linux Sessions
对 Linux 会话中的用户行为进行分类
- DOI:
10.1109/ictai.2008.19 - 发表时间:
2008 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
R. Fox;Eric Davidson - 通讯作者:
Eric Davidson
Gene regulatory networks and the encoded logic of development
- DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.05.058 - 发表时间:
2009-07-15 - 期刊:
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- 作者:
Eric Davidson - 通讯作者:
Eric Davidson
The cross‐section of routine practice of echocardiographic diastolic evaluation in atrial fibrillation in a community hospital: A quality improvement project
社区医院心房颤动超声心动图舒张期评估常规实践的横断面:质量改进项目
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2022 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Ji Hyun Yang;S. Dani;Seong;George Kinzfogl;Eric Davidson - 通讯作者:
Eric Davidson
Eric Davidson的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Eric Davidson', 18)}}的其他基金
SBIR Phase I: Novel chemistry for enhancing drought tolerance in field crops
SBIR 第一阶段:增强大田作物耐旱性的新型化学物质
- 批准号:
1549182 - 财政年份:2016
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$ 3万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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OPUS:亚马逊陆地生态系统的生物地球化学
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1457017 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 3万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
RCN: Reactive Nitrogen in the Biosphere
RCN:生物圈中的活性氮
- 批准号:
1547041 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 3万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
RCN: Reactive Nitrogen in the Biosphere
RCN:生物圈中的活性氮
- 批准号:
1049744 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 3万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Influence of Land Use on Watershed Hydrology and Biogeochemistry at the Amazon Agricultural Frontier
合作研究:亚马逊农业前沿土地利用对流域水文和生物地球化学的影响
- 批准号:
0640377 - 财政年份:2007
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$ 3万 - 项目类别:
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Evolution of Developmental Gene Regulatory Networks
发育基因调控网络的进化
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0641398 - 财政年份:2007
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$ 3万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Acquisition of Instruments for Studies of Nitrogen Cycling in Terrestrial Ecosystems
获取用于研究陆地生态系统氮循环的仪器
- 批准号:
0418812 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 3万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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反硝化生产 N2 研讨会,2004 年春季
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0332237 - 财政年份:2003
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$ 3万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Climate controls over ecosystem respiration: Using isotopes to determine the sources and age of respired carbon
合作研究:气候对生态系统呼吸的控制:利用同位素确定呼吸碳的来源和年龄
- 批准号:
0223188 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 3万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Mechanisms of Abiotic Immobilization of Nitrate in Temperate Forest Soils
合作研究:温带森林土壤中硝酸盐非生物固定机制
- 批准号:
0212505 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 3万 - 项目类别:
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