Collaborative Research: A Parameterization of Near-Shore Ocean Chemical Dynamics for Global Ocean Circulation/Carbon Cycle Models

在这个项目中，芝加哥大学和新罕布什尔州大学的研究人员将开发一种浅水碳循环的参数化方法，以纳入全球尺度的海洋碳循环模型（以下简称GCM）。GCM的网格划分过于粗糙，不足以解决浅水沃茨的物理和生物化学问题，因此在处理有机碳的埋藏、反硝化和CaCO 3补偿等过程时会受到影响。因此，它们没有考虑到海洋边缘对全球海洋碳循环和气候的影响。许多区域研究审查了大陆架在输出碳、铁和作为氮汇方面的作用。因此，现在看来是时候综合这些实地研究的数据，审查沉积物-水通量和跨大陆架生物地球化学迁移对各种参数的敏感性，并建立一个参数化方法，以反映海洋边缘在冰川-间冰期时间尺度上对全球海洋碳循环的贡献。作为第一步，该项目将侧重于建立这样一个参数化的基础上，已被广泛研究，但在其特性不同的两个地区：美国东部大陆架和美国西部海岸的俄勒冈州和加州。它将根据大陆架的宽度和深度、风应力和公海环流的变化以及大陆径流等参数采取行动，同时使用Muds模型估计沉积物-水通量。沿海生态地球化学通量对这些参数的敏感性将测试与高分辨率沿海海洋环流模式配置这些网站，推广到其他地区之前。然后，将参数化与每个沿海网格点的大气环流模式相结合，提供进出沿海沃茨和沉积物的化学通量。完整模型（GCM +沿海子模型）将用于评估浅水沃茨对冰川循环中碳循环的影响，同时对冰川/间冰期海平面变化作出反应。它还将用于对浅水CaCO 3溶解对化石燃料CO2的响应进行未来评估。

ABSTRACTOCE-0327181 / OCE-0327120On this project, researchers at the University of Chicago and the University of New Hampshire will develop a parameterization of the shallow water carbon cycle for inclusion into global-scale ocean carbon cycle models (henceforth referred to as GCMs). GCMs are, by necessity, too coarsely gridded to resolve the physics and biochemistry of shallow waters and therefore suffer in their treatment of processes like the burial of organic carbon, denitrification, and CaCO3 compensation. As a result, they fail to incorporate the effect of the ocean margins on the global ocean carbon cycle and climate. Numerous regional studies have examined the role of the continental shelves in the export of carbon, iron, and as a sink for nitrogen. It therefore seems timely, to synthesize the data from such field studies, examine the sensitivity of sediment-water fluxes and across-shelf biogeochemical transport to various parameters, and build a parameterization that will capture the contribution of the ocean margins in the global ocean carbon cycle over glacial-interglacial time scales. As a first step, this project will focus on building such a parameterization based on two regions that have been extensively studied, but differ in their characteristics: The eastern US continental shelf and the western US coasts of Oregon and California. It will act in response to parameters like the width and depth of continental shelves, changes in wind stress and open ocean circulation, and continental runoff, while using the Muds model to estimate the sediment-water fluxes. The sensitivity of coastal biogeochemical fluxes to these parameters will be tested with a high resolution coastal ocean circulation model configured to these sites, before generalizing to other regions. The parameterization will then be coupled to a GCM at every coastal grid point, providing the chemical fluxes to and from coastal waters and sediments. The full model (GCM + coastal submodel) will be used to assess the effect of shallow waters on the carbon cycle over glacial cycles while responding to glacial / interglacial sea level change. It will also be used to make future assessments of the shallow water CaCO3 dissolution response to fossil fuel CO2.