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Characteristics of current roadside pollution under different environmental conditions fundamentals for the development of a new roadside pollution monitoring concept

当前不同环境条件下路边污染的特征是发展路边污染监测新理念的基础

基本信息

批准号：
166043401
负责人：
Professor Dr. Erwin Appel
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Geophysik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/166043401?language=en
关键词：
Characteristics current roadside pollution under

项目摘要

The amount and type of pollutants along roadsides change due to the use of new materials and techniques for cars and fuel additives. In the past polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr) have been accumulated near roads. Since withdrawal of leaded petrol the importance of Pb decreased, whereas due to catalytic converters platinum group elements now play an increased role. Soil samples reveal the accumulated amount of pollutants. In this project we intend to assess the present characteristics of roadside pollution. It is suggested to prepare experimental monitoring plots located close to arteries with high traffic density and observe accumulation over two to three years. A 15 cm layer of top soil will be removed and replaced by clean quartz sand thus excluding natural background and historical contributions. Verification of the origin of pollutant particles will be carried out on the basis of their characteristic morphology, magnetic and chemical properties. Together with pollutants iron phases are emitted and deposited on the ground, also having adsorption capacity for heavy metals. This allows us to use magnetic proxy methods for fast and efficient assessment of the spatial extent and qualitative degree of contamination. Climatic and socio-economical factors can influence the characteristics of roadside pollution. Therefore monitoring plots will be established in different climatic conditions. Formulation of guidelines for monitoring purposes will be a further practical aim of the study. The work will be done as a German-Polish collaboration project including partners from several other countries.

由于汽车和燃料添加剂新材料和新技术的使用，路边的污染物数量和类型都发生了变化。过去，多环芳烃和重金属(铅、锌、镉、铬)都聚集在道路附近。自从含铅汽油停用以来，铅的重要性降低了，而由于催化转化器的作用，铂族元素现在发挥着更大的作用。土壤样本揭示了污染物的累积量。在这个项目中，我们打算评估目前路边污染的特征。建议在交通密度较高的干道附近设置试验性监测点，分2~3年进行蓄积观测。一层15厘米的表层土壤将被移除，取而代之的是干净的石英砂，从而排除了自然背景和历史贡献。将根据污染物颗粒的特征形态、磁性和化学性质来核实污染物颗粒的来源。铁相与污染物一起排放并沉积在地面上，对重金属也具有吸附能力。这使我们能够使用磁性替代方法来快速有效地评估污染的空间范围和定性程度。气候和社会经济因素可以影响路边污染的特征。因此，将在不同的气候条件下建立监测小区。为监测目的制定准则将是这项研究的另一个实际目标。这项工作将作为一个德国-波兰合作项目进行，其中包括其他几个国家的合作伙伴。