Instrumentation for Semi-Continuous Fine Particulate Mass and Its Components

半连续细颗粒质量及其成分仪器

• 批准号: 0407695
• 负责人: Delbert Eatough
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Brigham Young University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-15 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0407695&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Instrumentation; Semi; Continuous; Fine; Particulate

Atmospheric particulate matter has the potential to impact visibility, radiative balance, and health. This project will develop instruments to qualify the character of ambient atmospheric particulate matter with diameters less than 2.5 micrometers, particularly semi-volatile and carbonaceous components. Two instruments will be developed and validated, and they will be subject to a preliminary, local field test near the end of the project. The instruments include a modified, commercially-available, optical instrument based on removal of gas-phase species with a denuder, filtration of particulates and measurement following thermal desorption from the filter, and one based on fiber membrane sampling with gas chromatography/ion-trap mass spectrometry species quantification. The organic and elemental carbon fractions of particulate matter will be determined using the former instrument with 1-hour time resolution (an improvement over the commonly employed 12- to 24-hour resolution measurements), while marker organic compounds for specific emission sources will be quantified with the latter instrument. The project will involve the use of a controlled chamber to identify the marker compounds and to validate the performance of the instruments.Broader impacts of this project include new instrumentation for atmospheric chemistry research available for use by interested members of the community. There will be significant involvement of a post-doctoral fellow, and several graduate and undergraduate students in its execution. Through better quantification of the organic content of particulate matter, particularly through measurement of specific compounds, better policy decisions regarding mitigation measures can be made, and more quantitative assessment of impacts of particulate matter of societal concern is possible.

大气颗粒物有可能影响能见度、辐射平衡和健康。 该项目将开发仪器，以确定直径小于2.5微米的周围大气颗粒物的特性，特别是半挥发性和含碳成分。 将开发和验证两种仪器，并将在项目接近结束时进行初步的当地实地测试。 这些仪器包括一种改良的、市售的光学仪器，其基础是用扩散管去除气相物质、过滤微粒并在从过滤器热解吸后进行测量，另一种是基于纤维膜取样和气相色谱/离子阱质谱物质量化。 颗粒物中的有机碳和元素碳部分将使用前一种仪器以1小时的时间分辨率测定（比通常使用的12至24小时分辨率测量有所改进），而特定排放源的标志有机化合物将使用后一种仪器进行量化。 该项目将涉及使用一个控制室来鉴定标记化合物和验证仪器的性能，该项目的更广泛影响包括可供感兴趣的社区成员使用的大气化学研究新仪器。 将有一个博士后研究员的显着参与，并在其执行几个研究生和本科生。 通过更好地量化颗粒物的有机含量，特别是通过测量特定化合物，可以就缓解措施做出更好的政策决定，并有可能对社会关注的颗粒物的影响进行更定量的评估。