Reduced and Oxidized Colloid Quantum Dots: Photophysics and Transport

还原和氧化胶体量子点：光物理学和传输

• 批准号: 0407624
• 负责人: Philippe Guyot-Sionnest
• 金额: $ 34.09万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0407624&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reduced; Oxidized; Colloid; Quantum; Dots

Semiconductor Nanocrystals with controlled composition, size and shape are novel materials with the unique potential for specifically engineered electronic and optical properties. This project addresses the possibilities afforded by dynamically tuning the charges. One single electron has large consequences even at room temperature, such as dramatically switching the "color" of a nanocrystal both in the visible and in the infrared. This project will first address the challenges to controllably inject and retain a well-defined charge in a small colloid quantum dot. This is an interfacial redox chemistry problem, which requires a coupled synthetic and characterization approach. Second, charges strongly interact with one another and they should greatly influence the carrier dynamics. Internal carrier dynamics is a basic and poorly understood subject in quantum dot physics and in this project, time-resolved spectroscopy will shed light on the influence of charges. Third, colloidal quantum dots are "artificial atoms", which can be assembled into crystalline solids with controlled spacers between dots. This project will investigate the transport properties of such nanocrystal arrays as a function of the charging of each nanocrystals. The project integrates research and education in a highly interdisciplinary fashion. It trains students in an area of nanoscience with potential applications in sensors, lighting a communications.There are only about 100 common elements in Nature but the variety of their chemistry is greatly enhanced by their various degrees of ionization. For example, the Chlorine ion Cl- is an unreactive but essential element for life, while the Chlorine molecule, C12, was the very poisonous gas used in World War I. Over the past twenty years material scientists have achieved a great degree of control of the synthesis and assemblies of very small crystals of semiconductors that mimic in many ways the electronic structure of atoms. By designing size, shape and composition of the "nanocrystals", one has now the possibility of designing supra "artificial atoms", from which countless benefits in electronic, optical and biological technologies are expected while several are already starting to be realized. The project will provide the basic research to dramatically expand the realm of these new "artificial atoms" by controlling their various degrees of ionization. The project integrates research and education in a highly interdisciplinary fashion. It trains students in an area of nanoscience with potential applications in sensors, lighting and communications.

成分、尺寸和形状受控的半导体纳米晶体是新型材料，在专门设计的电子和光学特性方面具有独特的潜力。 该项目解决了动态调整费用所提供的可能性。 即使在室温下，单个电子也会产生很大的影响，例如在可见光和红外光中显着改变纳米晶体的“颜色”。 该项目将首先解决在小胶体量子点中可控地注入和保留明确电荷的挑战。 这是一个界面氧化还原化学问题，需要耦合的合成和表征方法。 其次，电荷之间相互作用强烈，它们应该极大地影响载流子动力学。 内部载流子动力学是量子点物理学中一个基础且知之甚少的学科，在该项目中，时间分辨光谱将揭示电荷的影响。 第三，胶体量子点是“人造原子”，可以组装成晶体固体，点之间具有受控的间隔。 该项目将研究这种纳米晶体阵列的传输特性作为每个纳米晶体充电的函数。 该项目以高度跨学科的方式整合研究和教育。 它对学生进行纳米科学领域的培训，该领域在传感器、照明通信等方面具有潜在的应用。自然界中只有大约 100 种常见元素，但它们的化学多样性因其不同的电离度而大大增强。 例如，氯离子 Cl- 是一种不活泼但对生命至关重要的元素，而氯分子 C12 是第一次世界大战中使用的剧毒气体。在过去的二十年里，材料科学家已经在很大程度上控制了非常小的半导体晶体的合成和组装，这些晶体在许多方面模仿了原子的电子结构。 通过设计“纳米晶体”的尺寸、形状和成分，人们现在有可能设计出超“人造原子”，电子、光学和生物技术有望从中获得无数的好处，而其中一些已经开始实现。 该项目将提供基础研究，通过控制这些新的“人造原子”的不同程度的电离度来显着扩展它们的领域。 该项目以高度跨学科的方式整合研究和教育。 它对学生进行纳米科学领域的培训，该领域在传感器、照明和通信方面具有潜在的应用。