DISSERTATION RESEARCH: New Gene Formation: A Genome-Wide Investigation of the Fixation and Divergence of Duplicate Genes

论文研究：新基因的形成：重复基因固定和发散的全基因组研究

• 批准号: 0408080
• 负责人: Manyuan Long
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-01 至 2005-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0408080&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; New; Gene; Formation

Studies of new gene origination provide insight into the mechanisms by which biological diversity is created. Dr. Manyuan Long and James Emerson will employ microarray technology to identify genes in the fruit fly that have originated so recently that they have yet to spread through the entire population. Subsequent analysis using comparative genomics will allow us to determine how new genes come to be preserved. They will estimate the fitness effects of these new genes by comparing data within one species (Drosophila melanogaster) to data between species (D. melanogaster vs D. pseudoobscura). They will make the most accurate estimate of the gene duplication rate to date, which will be the first such study of new gene acquisition in any organism. These studies will influence human welfare: for example, duplications of resistance genes frequently confer pesticide resistance, and gene amplifications frequently lead to tumorogenesis. For this project we plan to train young scientists from institutions that do not have access to facilities that allow such research to be conducted.

对新基因起源的研究使我们深入了解生物多样性的形成机制。 龙满园博士和詹姆斯·爱默生将利用微阵列技术来识别果蝇中起源较近的基因，这些基因尚未在整个种群中传播。 随后的比较基因组学分析将使我们能够确定新基因是如何被保存下来的。 他们将通过比较一个物种（黑腹果蝇）和不同物种（果蝇）之间的数据来估计这些新基因的适应性效应。melanogaster与D.伪暗）。 他们将对迄今为止的基因复制率做出最准确的估计，这将是第一次对任何生物体中新基因获取进行此类研究。 这些研究将影响人类的福祉：例如，抗性基因的复制经常赋予杀虫剂抗性，基因扩增经常导致肿瘤发生。 在这个项目中，我们计划培训来自无法使用允许进行此类研究的设施的机构的年轻科学家。