Physiology for the 21st Century: A Sourcebook of Effective and Economical Experiments

生物科学（61）BIO 2010报告呼吁通过使用精心设计的课程模块，使生物教育变得更加跨学科、量化和活跃。生理学适合这种方法，因为它的综合性质包括所有层次的生物组织，具有涌现特性的复杂系统，以及必须通过应用物理、化学和数学的基本原理来理解的机制。该项目汇集了不同的生理学家群体，将两套现有但过时的实验室实验改编成一本适合从K-12到研究生阶段学生的廉价、低技术、以探究为重点的实验室和课堂活动的教师源书。一个由美国和国际生理学家组成的核心小组正在协调修订过程，这是在不同机构同事的协助下完成的。在与2005年加州国际生理科学联合会（IUPS）大会相关的为期3天的研讨会上，项目参与者接受了关于如何将食谱实验室转变为查询和开发格式模板的培训。发展小组审查修订后的活动，并将其发送给美国生理学会（APS）的教育办公室，该办公室已同意负责传播。这些活动通过美国国家科学数字图书馆的教学资源在线APS档案以及CD-ROM版本免费分发。APS正在进行项目评估。智力优势：生理学实验活动在教学上是合理的，但易于执行，几乎无法在商业上获得，限制了新教师的课程选择。然而，研究表明，积极地让学生参与精心设计的活动是培养适应性专业知识以及发现和纠正学生误解的有效方法。这个项目是对现有的生理学实验练习进行调整，使其更加以学习者为中心和以探究为基础。项目组核心人员在生理学实验教学、生理学课程适应以学习者为中心的教学环境、课程教材同行评议等方面具有丰富的经验。APS是课程材料数字化传播的领导者，APS教育官员是科学教育项目评估领域的全国公认的领导者。更广泛的影响：创建的活动正在通过APS教学资源档案和CD-ROM以电子方式出版。活动的收集不是学生准备的实验室手册，而是为每个实验提供教育基础的资源，以及供应清单、使用说明和执行活动的建议。*.rtf格式的可下载文件可以由最终用户修改，以适应广泛的学生群体。美国生理学学会在各级生理学教育中的积极作用及其与其他专业学会的联系确保了在美国和世界各地的广泛传播。这些练习的格式模板可以作为希望修改现有活动的其他人的模型。

Biological Sciences (61) The BIO 2010 report calls for biology education to become more interdisciplinary, quantitative, and active through the use of well-designed curriculum modules. Physiology lends itself to this approach as its integrative nature includes all levels of biological organization, complex systems with emergent properties, and mechanisms that must be understood by applying basic principles of physics, chemistry, and mathematics. This project brings together a diverse group of physiologists to adapt two existing but out-of-date sets of laboratory experiments into a teachers' source book of inexpensive, low-tech, inquiry-focused laboratory and classroom activities suitable for students from K-12 through post-graduate levels. A core group of U.S. and international physiologists are coordinating the revision process, which is being accomplished with the assistance of colleagues from diverse institutions. Project participants receive training on how to convert cookbook laboratories to inquiry and develop a format template at a 3-day workshop associated with the 2005 International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) Congress in California. The development group reviews revised activities and sends them to the Education Office of the American Physiological Society (APS), which has agreed to be responsible for dissemination. The activities are being distributed free through the online APS Archive of Teaching Resources, part of the National Science Digital Library as well as in a CD-ROM version. APS is carrying out project evaluation. Intellectual Merit: Physiology laboratory activities that are pedagogically sound yet easy to perform are almost unavailable commercially, limiting curriculum choices for new teachers. Yet studies have shown that actively engaging students in carefully designed activities is an effective method for developing adaptive expertise as well as uncovering and correcting student misconceptions. This project is adapting existing physiology laboratory exercises to make them more learner-centered and inquiry-based. The core personnel on the project team have extensive experience in teaching physiology laboratories, adapting physiology curriculum to learner-centered teaching environments, and carrying out peer-review of curriculum materials. The APS is a leader in the digital dissemination of curriculum materials, and the APS Education Officer is a nationally recognized leader in the area of science education program evaluation. Broader Impact: The activities created are being published electronically through the APS Archive of Teaching Resources and on a CD-ROM. The collection of activities is not a student-ready laboratory manual but a resource that provides the educational rationale for each experiment, along with supply lists, use notes, and suggestions for execution of the activity. Downloadable files in *.rtf format can be modified by end-users to fit a wide spectrum of student populations. The active role of the APS in physiology education at all levels and its association with other professional societies ensures wide dissemination both in the United States and around the world. The format template for these exercises can serve as a model for others who wish to modify existing activities.