Social Identity Complexity: Antecedents and Consequences

社会身份复杂性：前因与后果

• 批准号: 0412328
• 负责人: Marilynn Brewer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0412328&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Social; Identity; Complexity; Antecedents; Consequences

In the United States, the debate over multiculturalism is usually cast almost exclusively in terms of racial/ethnic differentiation. Although ethnic identity is both psychologically and socially highly significant, it is rarely the case that ethnicity is the only significant group membership that an individual has. As members of a large and complex society, Americans are differentiated or subdivided along many meaningful social dimensions, including gender and sexual orientation, life stage (e.g., student, worker, retiree), economic sector (e.g., technology, service, academics, professional), religion, political ideology, and recreational preferences. Each of these divisions provides a basis for shared identity and group membership that may become an important source of social identification. Further, most of these differentiations are cross-cutting in the sense that individuals may share a common ingroup membership on one dimension but belong to different categories on another dimension. Hence, having multiple group memberships reduces the likelihood that one's social world can be reduced to a single ingroup-outgroup distinction. The purpose of this proposed program of research is to determine how an individual's awareness of his or her own multiple group memberships and social identities contributes to tolerance and acceptance of diversity in the society as a whole. Drawing on a theory of social identity complexity (Roccas & Brewer, 2002), a program of five sets of studies employing both correlational and experimental methods will assess the antecedents of social identity complexity and test the hypothesis that increasing social identity complexity will enhance identification with inclusive, superordinate social categories and consequent acceptance of difference and diversity within the superordinate group.

在美国，关于多元文化主义的辩论通常几乎完全是从种族/民族差异的角度进行的。 虽然族裔身份在心理和社会上都具有重要意义，但族裔身份很少是个人唯一重要的群体成员身份。 作为一个庞大而复杂的社会的成员，美国人沿着许多有意义的社会维度进行区分或细分，包括性别和性取向、生命阶段（例如，学生、工人、退休人员）、经济部门（例如，技术、服务、学术、专业）、宗教、政治意识形态和娱乐偏好。 每一种划分都为共同的身份和群体成员身份提供了基础，而这些身份和群体成员身份可能成为社会认同的重要来源。 此外，这些区别大多数是交叉的，因为个人可能在一个方面拥有共同的群体成员资格，但在另一个方面属于不同的类别。因此，拥有多个群体成员减少了一个人的社会世界被简化为单一的内群体-外群体区别的可能性。这项拟议的研究方案的目的是确定个人对自己的多重群体成员身份和社会身份的认识如何有助于整个社会对多样性的容忍和接受。 借鉴社会身份复杂性理论（Roccas Brewer，2002），采用相关和实验方法的五组研究计划将评估社会身份复杂性的前因，并检验假设，即社会身份复杂性的增加将增强对包容性的认同，上位社会类别以及上位群体内对差异和多样性的接受。