Computer Simulation of Chemical Dynamics

化学动力学计算机模拟

• 批准号: 0412677
• 负责人: William Hase
• 金额: $ 7.4万
• 依托单位: Texas Tech University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0412677&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Computer; Simulation; Chemical; Dynamics

William Hase is supported by the Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Program to perform research in the area of computer simulation of chemical dynamics. The research proceeds by development of accurate theoretical models for simulations of intramolecular dynamics, energy transfer, and chemical dynamics and kinetics. Both quantum mechanical and classical treatments of the nuclei are considered. Further, simulations are based on both classical potential energy surfaces and those determined from quantum mechanical treatments of the electrons. The latter technique, referred to as direct dynamics, is being developed in a way that allows for direct and systematic interfacing with other off-the-shelf electronic structure codes. Problems currently being studied include surface induced dissociation of protonated peptide ions, reaction of ozone on unsaturated hydrocarbon surfaces and the theory of intramolecular and unimolecular dynamics for approaching transition states.The ability to understand and control chemical reactions impacts practically every aspect of daily life, the economy and our understanding of life itself. Chemical reactions occur during synthesis of materials and during refinement of crude oil. Understanding how to make such reactions proceed with minimal intervention directly limits the ultimate cost of the product and the amount of unwanted waste materials and/or heat that are generated during synthesis. Understanding gleaned from simulation of ozone interactions with unsaturated hydrocarbon surfaces will be directly transferable to analogous processes that occur in the troposphere. In the troposphere, such processes lead to ozone depletion and also chemically alter oceanic organic aerosols that directly affect the formation of clouds and the transfer of sunlight to the surface of the earth. The computational methods developed here rely on accurate potential energy surfaces and are therefore coupled directly to relevant quantum-mechanical methods for such purposes. Students and postdoctoral scientists are trained in the classroom, via the web, and by direct participation with researchers.

William Hase在理论和计算化学计划的支持下，在化学动力学的计算机模拟领域进行研究。研究通过发展精确的理论模型来模拟分子内动力学、能量转移、化学动力学和动力学。考虑了原子核的量子力学和经典处理方法。此外，模拟是基于经典势能面和由电子的量子力学处理确定的势能面。后一种技术，被称为直接动力学，正在以一种允许与其他现成的电子结构代码直接和系统接口的方式开发。目前正在研究的问题包括质子化肽离子的表面诱导解离，臭氧在不饱和烃表面的反应以及接近过渡态的分子内和单分子动力学理论。理解和控制化学反应的能力几乎影响着日常生活、经济和我们对生活本身的理解的方方面面。化学反应发生在原料合成和原油精炼过程中。了解如何在最少的干预下进行这样的反应，直接限制了产品的最终成本，以及合成过程中产生的不需要的废物和/或热量的数量。从臭氧与不饱和碳氢化合物表面相互作用的模拟中获得的认识将直接转移到对流层中发生的类似过程中。在对流层，这样的过程导致臭氧耗竭，也化学地改变海洋有机气溶胶，直接影响云的形成和阳光向地球表面的转移。这里开发的计算方法依赖于精确的势能面，因此直接耦合到相关的量子力学方法。学生和博士后科学家在课堂上、通过网络以及通过与研究人员的直接参与接受培训。