US.-Egypt Cooperative Research : Material Flow Analysis and Integration for Watersheds

0413170 El-Halwagi描述：该奖项旨在支持德克萨斯州农工大学化学工程系Mahmoud El-Halwagi博士和埃及扎加齐格Zagazig大学环境工程系M.K.Eiwda博士之间的合作研究。他们将开发一种系统的和普遍适用的方法，用于排水系统和水棚中的物质流动分析和整合。它将侧重于制定一个数学框架和应用程序，用于管理巴卡尔排水系统及其通往尼罗河三角洲曼萨拉湖的排污口中的各种金属和污染物。将开发一个处理水相的物质流动模型，同时包括固体和空气相与水介质相互作用时的信息。该模型将包括影响目标物种命运和运输的环境现象。该模型将包括物流分析操作员，当系统输入和输出与周围环境相关时，这些操作员对系统的输入和输出进行表征。将使用排水系统(Qalyoubia、Belbies和Babr El-Baqar)以及曼萨拉湖排污口的数据来说明该模型的有效性。下一步，将采用大规模整合技术来帮助制定物种管理战略。通过引入优化变量和包含潜在管理策略的模型，将仿真模型转化为综合模型。最小化受技术、社会、经济和法规约束的负面环境影响的问题将被描述为一个非线性优化规划，其解确定最有效的解决策略。这些模型和管理战略将被编码到一个使用行话编程的计算机辅助工具平台中。这项工作基于一个新的框架，该框架涉及数据提取和聚合、系统识别、模型开发和聚合、战略制定以及涉及流域的复杂环境系统的评估。这些模型将提供一个新的平台，可以系统地提供完整的物质流动分析，并对目标物种的运输和命运产生有用的见解。这些新技术将为新兴的环境生物复杂性领域的基础研究奠定基础，并将导致一个新的环境和系统研究计划的制度化。范围和更广泛的影响：该项目将导致创建一个由教职员工和学生组成的积极的、跨学科的团队，以独特、基本和综合的方式解决这些复杂的环境问题。拟议的工作具有重大的环境和经济效益，包括减少环境排放、保护水资源和减少污染。它还可以通过提供具有成本效益的水管理战略来影响增长政策。这些解决方案描述了各种实体在解决问题方面的作用，并为拟议的战略提供了成本效益分析。这种方法是通用的，可以适应和发展，以研究各种系统和污染物的物质流动分析和集成。该项目得到了美国-埃及联合基金计划的支持，该计划为两国的科学家和工程师提供资助，以开展这些合作活动。

0413170El-HalwagiDescription: This award is to support cooperative research between Dr. Mahmoud El-Halwagi, Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas and Dr. M.K. Eiwda, Department of Environmental Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. They will develop a systematic and generally applicable methodology for material flow analysis and integration in drain systems and water sheds. It will focus on developing a mathematical framework and application for the management of various metals and pollutants in Bahr El-Baqar drain systems and its outfall leading to Lake Manzala in the Nile Delta. A material flow model will be developed dealing with the water phase while including information on the solid and air phases as they interface with the water medium. The model will include the environmental phenomena that influence the fate and transport of targeted species. The model will include material flow analysis operators that characterize the system inputs and outputs as they relate to the surroundings. Data for the drain systems (Qalyoubia, Belbies, and Bahr El-Baqar) along with the outfall to Lake Manzala will be used to illustrate the effectiveness of the model. Next, mass integration techniques will be employed to aid in the development of species-management strategies. The simulation model will be transformed into a synthesis model by introducing optimization variables and including models for the potential management strategies. The problem of minimizing negative environmental impact subject to technical, social, economic, and regulatory constraints will be posed as a nonlinear optimization program whose solution identifies the most effective solution strategies. The models and management strategies will be coded into a computer-aided tool-using LINGO programming platform. The work is based on a novel framework that involves data extraction and aggregation, system identification, model development and aggregation, strategy development, and assessment of complex environmental systems involving watersheds. The models will provide a new platform that can systematically provide a complete material flow analysis and yield useful insights on the transport and fate of targeted species. These new techniques will lay the foundations for fundamental research in the emerging area of environmental biocomplexity and will result in institutionalizing a new environmental and systems research program. Scope and broader impacts: The project will result in the creation of an active, inter-disciplinary team of faculty and students working together to address these complex environmental issues in unique, fundamental, and integrated ways. The proposed work has significant benefits, both environmental and economic, including the reduction of environmental discharges, conservation of water resources, and abatement of pollution. It can also impact growth policies by providing cost-effective water management strategies. The solutions describe the role of the various entities in solving the problem and provide a cost-benefit analysis for the proposed strategies. The approach is generic enough to be adapted and evolved to study material flow analysis and integration for a wide variety of systems and pollutants. This project is being supported under the US-Egypt Joint Fund Program, which provides grants to scientists and engineers in both countries to carry out these cooperative activities.