U.S. Egypt Cooperative Research: Effective Reduction of Industrial Green House Gas Emissions via Energy Integration and Biomass Utilization

项目描述：该项目支持德克萨斯州大学城德克萨斯农工大学化学工程系Mahmoud El-Halwagi博士与埃及扎加齐格扎加齐格大学Kamal Eiwda博士的合作研究。他们计划研究通过能源整合和生物质利用有效减少工业温室气体排放。温室气体（GHGs）对环境和气候变化的影响最为深远。温室气体排放的最大人为来源是发电厂和工业过程。减少工业设施温室气体排放的两种最可行的替代方案是热电联产和在加工工业中结合热电联产（CHP）利用生物质。该项目旨在解决埃及和美国工业设施的温室气体排放问题。具体而言，将采用以下重要策略。过程热电联产：导致能源和温室气体排放的显著减少。生物质能源利用：导致作物生长期间的碳固存。技术-经济-环境分析和政策建议。该项目将制订系统和普遍适用的程序，使上述三项战略能够实现，并回答各种问题，包括：如何在现有过程中将生物质利用纳入共烧和能源生产？。如何通过整合协调热能需求与热电联产机会？。确保技术可行性的经济和政策因素是什么？。对温室气体排放的影响是什么？必要的温室气体补偿/补贴是什么？美国和埃及的几个行业将积极参与该项目，并将在该项目的工业咨询委员会中任职。除了经过审定的出版物和会议报告外，研究结果还将通过软件加以记录，这些软件将被开发并分发给工业界，以便应用。最后，在项目结束时将组织一次讲习班，以正式确定减少温室气体排放的政策制定建议。智力优势：该计划是基于一个新的框架，涉及一个整体的方法来优化过程性能，同时最大限度地减少环境浪费。将开发、集成和解决模拟、过程综合、集成和优化模型的组合。这些模型将提供一个新的平台，可以系统地提供减少能源消耗和大气污染物排放的完整战略。这些新技术将为环境生物复杂性这一新兴领域的基础研究奠定基础，并将导致一个前所未有的环境和系统研究计划的制度化。更广泛的影响：该项目将产生一个积极的、广泛的项目，以独特的、基本的和综合的方式解决这些复杂的环境和加工问题。潜在的环境效益包括减少环境排放、保护自然资源和减少污染。该工作还可以通过提供具有成本效益的流程设计和操作策略来影响增长策略。解决方案将描述各种实体在解决问题方面的作用，并为拟议的战略提供成本效益分析。所开发的方法是通用的，足以适应和发展，以研究各种工业的污染预防。该项目得到了美国-埃及联合基金项目的支持，该项目向两国的科学家和工程师提供赠款，以开展这些合作活动。

0710936ElHalwagiDescription: This project supports collaborative research by Dr. Mahmoud El-Halwagi, Chemical Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas in collaboration with Dr. Kamal Eiwda, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. They plan to study the Effective Reduction of Industrial GHG Emissions via Energy Integration and Biomass Utilization. Green house gases (GHGs) pose some of the most profound impact on the environment and climate change. The largest anthropogenic sources of GHG emissions are power plants and industrial processes. Two of the most viable alternatives for reducing GHGs from industrial facilities are the cogeneration and the utilization of biomass in conjunction with combined heat and power (CHP) in the process industries. The project is aimed at addressing the problem of GHG emissions from industrial facilities in Egypt and the United States. In particular, the following important strategies will be employed . Process Cogeneration: resulting in significant reduction in energy and emissions of GHGs . Biomass Utilization for Energy: leading to carbon sequestration during crop growth . Techno-Economic-Environmental Analysis and Policy Recommendations. The project will develop systematic and generally-applicable procedures to enable the foregoing three strategies and to answer various questions including the following: . How to incorporate biomass utilization in co-firing and energy production within an existing process? . How to reconcile thermal demands with cogeneration opportunities through integration? . What are the economic and policy factors to insure technical feasibility? . What is the impact on GHG emissions and what are the necessary GHG offsets/subsidies? Several industries in the US and Egypt will actively participate in the project and will serve on an Industrial Advisory Committee for the project. In addition to refereed publications and conference presentations, the research findings will be documented through software which will be developed and disseminated to industry to enable applications. Finally, a workshop will be organized at the end of the project to formalize the recommendations for policymaking to reduce GHG emissions. Intellectual Merit: This program is based on a novel framework that involves a holistic approach to optimizing process performance while minimizing environmental wastes. A combination of simulation, process synthesis, integration, and optimization models will be developed, integrated, and solved. The models will provide a new platform that can systematically provide a complete strategy for reduction in energy consumption and emission of atmospheric pollutants. These new techniques will lay the foundations for fundamental research in the emerging area of environmental biocomplexity and will result in institutionalizing an unprecedented environmental and systems research program. Broader Impact: The project will result in the creation of an active, broad-based program to address these complex environmental and processing issues in unique, fundamental, and integrated ways. The potential environmental benefits include reduction of environmental discharges, conservation of natural resources, and abatement of pollution. The work can also impact growth policies by providing cost-effective process design and operation policies. The solutions will describe the role of the various entities in solving the problem and provide a cost-benefit analysis for the proposed strategies. The developed approach is generic enough to be adapted and evolved to study pollution prevention for a wide variety of industries. This project is being supported under the US-Egypt Joint Fund Program, which provides grants to scientists and engineers in both countries to carry out these cooperative activities.