Doctoral Dissertation Research in Political Science: Comparing Campaign Strategies for Latinos and non-Latinos in the U.S.

政治学博士论文研究：美国拉丁裔和非拉丁裔竞选策略的比较

• 批准号: 0418068
• 负责人: Jonathan Nagler
• 金额: $ 1.17万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0418068&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Political; Science

In U.S. elections, voters rely on campaigns to provide information on candidates and their issue positions. Of the various advertisement strategies available to candidates, television advertisements are the most frequently used. My research examines whether political elites employ different campaign strategies for Latino voters and non-Latino voters. As the fastest- growing and largest minority group in the United States, it is important to determine whether elites are using different strategies towards Latinos, relative to Anglos, and if so, what the political repercussions are. I contend that the campaign strategies used by political elites towards Latinos and non- Latinos differ. The reason for this difference stems from the socioeconomic distinctions between Anglos and Latinos, where Latinos are more socio-economically disadvantaged than Anglos. Thus, political elites will design campaign messages that are easily understood and require little political knowledge, such as focusing on a candidate's ability to speak Spanish or making cultural references. In contrast, research indicates that English-language advertisements primarily focus on candidate's policy positions. Several methodological techniques are used to test the hypothesis. First, I create a formal theoretical model to explain how candidates advertise to voters. I will then test the predictions derived from the model. Next, I use statistical analysis to determine whether Spanish-language advertisements are more likely to include non-policy messages, relative to English-language advertisements. I continue using empirical methods to determine whether these advertisements have an impact on Latino voting behavior. Intellectual Merit This research project helps to advance the knowledge and understanding in the field of American campaigns and elections because this comparative analysis has yet to be analyzed. But since the data that makes this research possible was released in 2001, this analysis can now be conducted. Given that Latinos by 2050 will comprise 24.5% of the U.S. population, determining whether there are systematic differences in the way political elites behave towards them, when compared to non-Latinos, is critical. The implications from this research carry serious political and policy consequences for Latinos. ability to become fully involved in the political system. We are confident in our ability to carry out this proposed project, since the co-principle investigator has conducted the same coding process for advertisements used in Spanish-language races. In addition, the co-principle investigator will monitor the undergraduate students throughout the entire project and will be available for any questions or problems that may arise. Also, since the research will be carried out in the Politics department at NYU, access to office supplies, computers, software, and administrative support will be readily available. Broader Impact The research carries several important implications in the realms of promoting learning and representing ethnic minorities. First, it encourages training and learning by exposing undergraduates to a variety of valuable research skills. And since this project will be carried out for a 12 month period of time, students will gain a deep understanding of the research process. This research project also enhances the infrastructure for research by making the completed data available for public use after the completion of the dissertation. It will also have an impact on underrepresented minority groups since this research focuses on the largest ethnic minority group in the United States, Latinos. The findings from this research may help to identify any discrepancies that exist in elite political behavior towards Latino and non-Latinos, which may motivate change in elite behavior, and therefore increase the ability of Latinos to participate in the U.S. political system.

在美国选举中，选民依靠竞选活动提供有关候选人及其议题立场的信息。在候选人可以使用的各种广告策略中，电视广告是最常用的。我的研究考察了政治精英是否对拉美裔选民和非拉美裔选民采取了不同的竞选策略。作为美国增长最快、规模最大的少数族裔群体，重要的是要确定精英阶层是否对拉美裔人采取了与盎格鲁人不同的策略，如果是这样，政治后果是什么。我认为，政治精英对拉美裔和非拉美裔使用的竞选策略是不同的。这种差异的原因源于盎格鲁人和拉丁裔之间的社会经济差异，在这些地区，拉丁裔比盎格鲁人在社会经济上处于更不利的地位。因此，政治精英将设计易于理解、几乎不需要政治知识的竞选信息，比如关注候选人说西班牙语的能力或提出文化参考。相比之下，研究表明，英语广告主要关注候选人的政策立场。几种方法论技术被用来检验这一假设。首先，我创建了一个正式的理论模型来解释候选人如何向选民做广告。然后，我将测试从该模型得出的预测。接下来，我使用统计分析来确定，相对于英语广告，西班牙语广告是否更有可能包含非政策信息。我继续使用实证方法来确定这些广告是否对拉丁裔投票行为产生影响。智力价值这项研究项目有助于增进对美国竞选和选举领域的知识和理解，因为这种比较分析尚未得到分析。但由于使这项研究成为可能的数据是在2001年发布的，现在可以进行这种分析了。鉴于到2050年拉美裔将占美国人口的24.5%，确定政治精英对待他们的方式与非拉丁裔相比是否存在系统性差异至关重要。这项研究的影响对拉丁裔产生了严重的政治和政策后果。全面参与政治体制的能力。我们相信我们有能力执行这一拟议的项目，因为联合首席调查员对西班牙语比赛中使用的广告进行了相同的编码过程。此外，协理调查员将在整个项目中监督本科生，并随时准备解决可能出现的任何问题或问题。此外，由于研究将在纽约大学政治系进行，因此可以随时获得办公用品、计算机、软件和行政支持。更广泛的影响这项研究在促进、学习和代表少数民族方面具有几个重要的影响。首先，它通过让本科生接触各种有价值的研究技能来鼓励培训和学习。由于这个项目将进行12个月的时间，学生们将对研究过程有一个深刻的了解。这项研究项目还加强了研究的基础设施，在论文完成后将完成的数据提供给公众使用。它还将对代表不足的少数群体产生影响，因为这项研究侧重于美国最大的少数族裔群体--拉丁裔。这项研究的发现可能有助于识别精英对拉丁裔和非拉丁裔的政治行为中存在的任何差异，这可能会促使精英行为的改变，从而提高拉美裔参与美国政治体系的能力。