Biogeochemical Cycling of Organic Carbon in Soil Ecosystems as Affected by Black Carbon (REVISED)

受黑碳影响的土壤生态系统中有机碳的生物地球化学循环（修订版）

• 批准号: 0425995
• 负责人: Johannes Lehmann
• 金额: $ 79.42万
• 依托单位: Cornell Univ - State: AWDS MADE PRIOR MAY 2010
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-15 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0425995&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biogeochemical; Cycling; Organic; Carbon; Soil

The vast majority of carbon on Earth's surface is contained in soils. One type, black carbon, is a major portion of organic carbon in soil. Being very stable, black carbon was assumed to have had no effect on other soil processes, but new evidence suggests that it significantly influences the stability of the entire soil organic carbon pool. This hypothesis will be tested by adding labeled organic carbon to black carbon-enriched soil from the Amazon Basin. Tracking the added organic carbon, the surfaces of black carbons and the mechanism of carbon stabilization will be examined using advanced spectroscopic, mass spectrometric and DNA techniques to detect nano-scale variations of carbon transformations.The findings of these experiments are very important for soil carbon cycling and therefore all environmental services of soils such as acting as a filter for solutes, sustaining agricultural productivity, and influencing global carbon cycling and therefore climate change. Revisions to existing global carbon and climate change models have to be made to accommodate the new mechanism. Furthermore, this new insight into carbon dynamics has the potential to provide opportunities for land-based carbon sequestration to mitigate the anthropogenic greenhouse effect.

地球表面的绝大多数碳都包含在土壤中。其中一种是黑碳，是土壤中有机碳的主要组成部分。黑碳非常稳定，被认为对其他土壤过程没有影响，但新的证据表明，它显著影响整个土壤有机碳库的稳定性。这一假设将通过在亚马逊盆地的黑色富碳土壤中添加标记的有机碳来检验。追踪添加的有机碳、黑碳的表面和碳稳定的机理将被用先进的光谱、质谱学和DNA技术来检测碳转化的纳米级变化。这些实验的结果对于土壤碳循环以及土壤的所有环境服务非常重要，例如作为溶质的过滤器，维持农业生产力，并影响全球碳循环从而影响气候变化。必须对现有的全球碳和气候变化模型进行修订，以适应新机制。此外，这种对碳动态的新见解有可能为陆地碳固存提供机会，以减轻人为温室效应。