SIRG: Development of Sensor Networks for Aquatic Nanoparticle Characterization

P.I.Papen，George Proposal#：0428900项目摘要水环境中的纳米颗粒或胶体的尺寸从1纳米到1000纳米不等，处于可溶化学物种和下沉颗粒之间。它们是海洋和其他水生环境中含量最丰富的颗粒物，占“溶解”有机碳的很大一部分。物理和生化特性的原位表征对于广泛的基本应用至关重要，包括：1)海洋生物地球化学；2)海洋光学；3)水生生物危害。虽然纳米颗粒的特性在各种应用中都很重要，但其复杂的非均相性质和小尺寸使得原位测定其物理和化学特性极具挑战性。到目前为止，大多数表征技术都是基于实验室的，因此受到限制。该项目将开发用于表征水生纳米颗粒的现场传感器网络，以解决更广泛的应用并在海洋环境中对其进行测试。该研究计划包括开发基于微流体的技术，该技术可以对水生纳米颗粒和细菌的异质组装进行预处理和帮助分析，并开发一套先进的流水线光学技术，使用光场的幅度和相位、多波长、多散射角、偏振特性和平行询问体积，从而在广泛的变量上顺序地对颗粒特征进行分类。该计划将最终部署一个原型原位传感器网络节点，该节点可以测量水中纳米颗粒的物理和生物地球化学性质，形成用于现场空间和时间监测的完整传感器网络的基础。

P.I. Papen, George Proposal #: 0428900Project SummaryNanoparticles, or colloids in aquatic environments, have sizes ranging from 1 to 1000 nm and are at the boundary between soluble chemical species and sinking particles. They are the most abundant particles in the ocean and other aquatic environments and account for a significant portion of "dissolved" organic carbon. In situ characterization of the physical and biochemical properties is crucial for a wide range of fundamental applications including: 1) ocean biogeochemistry 2) ocean optics and 3) aquatic biological hazards. While the characteristics of nanoparticles are important for a variety of applications, their complex heterogeneous nature and small size makes the in situ determination of their physical and chemical characteristics extremely challenging. To date, most characterization techniques are laboratory-based and are thus limited. This project will develop in situ sensor networks for aquatic nanoparticle characterization that can address a broader range of applications and test them in an ocean environment. The research program consists of the development of microfluidic-based techniques that can preprocess and help analyze heterogeneous assemblies of aquatic nanoparticles and bacteria and the development of a pipelined suite of advanced optical techniques using the amplitude and the phase of the optical fields, multiple wavelengths, multiple scattering angles, polarization properties, and parallel interrogation volumes, which sequentially classify particle characteristics over a wide range of variables. The program will culminate in the deployment of a prototype in situ sensor network node that can measure both the physical and biogeochemical properties of aquatic nanoparticles forming the basis of a complete sensor network for in situ spatial and temporal monitoring.