SST: GOALI: MIMO Techniques for Remote Sensing of Physiological Motion

一种从远处对心脏和呼吸活动进行不引人注目和无处不在的检测和监测的方法可能是医疗保健、紧急情况和监测应用的强大工具，但在很大程度上仍是一个未实现的目标。在没有接触或对象准备(特殊衣物、附件等)的情况下，这可以更好地将健康监测扩展到日常生活中的慢性病患者，允许在没有已知风险或伤害倾向的情况下对大量人口进行健康监测，并在紧急情况下提供警报和数据。这种技术还可以用来检测丢失或隐藏的受试者，帮助评估情绪状态，并作为预先筛选来补充更繁琐的测量。对生命体征的多普勒雷达遥感已经显示出实现这一目标的希望，UHM PI.s和其他机构展示了各种应用的概念证明。遗憾的是，这一原理还没有发展到实际应用的水平，这主要是因为缺乏一种有效的方法来隔离期望的目标运动和干扰。然而，通过利用信号处理和无线通信技术的最新进展，这项技术有可能超越单纯的新颖性，并对社会的健康和福利产生深远的影响。我们建议通过多输入多输出(MIMO)信号处理技术的最新发展，通过将期望的雷达回波信号从有害的运动中分离出来，来探索稳健的雷达监测技术，该技术的发展是为了通过建设性地利用多径现象来提高无线通信信道的容量。该方法将涉及三个主要研究领域：(1)开发单源和多源雷达的空频算法；(2)使用无线终端和/或硅雷达芯片实现有源雷达系统；(3)开发有效的伪无源雷达。一种传感系统，利用环境中的无线电信号进行雷达监测，无需控制或指定信号源。该项目将最终展示坚固的多普勒雷达MIMO系统，该系统能够隔离和确定监测领域中的受试者数量，并测量他们的心率和呼吸率。智力价值：夏威夷大学马诺阿分校(UHM)和贝尔实验室(BL)拟议的为期三年的合作研究工作将探索使非接触式多普勒雷达监测心肺活动成为更繁琐和侵入性技术的实用替代或补充的技术，这些技术必然会限制应用。UHM Pi和One Co-Pi(Lubecke)最近利用电信技术实现多普勒传感的工作，包括利用无线终端检测心脏和呼吸信号，因其潜力而引起国际关注。第二位UHM Co-Pi(主持人-Madsen)是统计和通信信号处理方面的知名专家，在多用户检测、估计理论和自适应信号处理方面发表了大量出版物。业界合作伙伴BL被广泛认为是MIMO和其他无线系统技术领域的领先者。在相关工作中，与PI合作的研究生在IEEE、MTT和EMB的主要会议上获得了三次学生论文竞赛奖。更广泛的影响：该项目的成果可以在卫生保健、应急响应、军事和安全行动等领域产生有益于社会的宝贵工具。这项研究将提供一个特别鼓舞人心的教育机会，利用夏威夷对远程医疗工具的独特需求，并接触到多样化的少数民族学生群体，这些学生历来没有得到当地教育和工业机会的充分满足。因此，该项目的一个重要方面将是UHM学生与BL工业合作顾问的互动，包括在高度相关的通信和生物传感工程领域的长期培训，超越大学(和夏威夷)的限制，在世界一流的研究环境中。建立的伙伴关系将使UHM的学生和教职员工能够通过利用BL.的大量专业知识和免费设施(包括广泛的无线测试系统)来补充UHM资源。

A means for unobtrusive and ubiquitous detection and monitoring of heart and respiration activity from a distance could be a powerful tool for health care, emergency, and surveillance applications, yet remains a largely unrealized goal. Without contact or subject preparation (special clothing, attachments, etc.), this could better extend health monitoring to the chronically ill in routine life, allow wellness monitoring for a large population without known predisposition for risk or harm, and provide alarm and data in emergencies. Such technology could also be used to detect lost or hidden subjects, to help assess emotional state, and to compliment more cumbersome measurements as pre-screening. Doppler radar remote sensing of vital signs has shown promise to this end, with proof of concept demonstrated for various applications by the UHM PI.s and others. Unfortunately, this principle has not been developed to the level of practical application, mainly due to a lack of an effective way to isolate desired target motion from interference. However, by leveraging recent advances in signal processing and wireless communications technologies, this technique has the potential to transcend mere novelty and make a profound impact on health and welfare in society. We propose to explore robust radar monitoring techniques by isolating desired radar return signals from unwanted motion through recent developments in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) signal processing techniques, developed to enhance wireless communications channel capacity through constructive use of multipath phenomenon. The approach would involve three primary areas of research: (1) development of spatial-frequency algorithms for single and multiple source radar, (2) active radar system implementation using wireless terminals and/or silicon radar chips, and (3) development of an effective .pseudo-passive. sensing system where radio signals in the environment are harnessed for radar monitoring without control or specification of the signal source. The project will culminate with the demonstration of robust Doppler radar MIMO system capable of isolating and determining the number of subjects in the monitoring field, and measuring their heart and respiration rates. Intellectual Merit: The proposed three-year collaborative research effort between the University of Hawaii at Manoa (UHM) and Bell laboratories (BL) would explore techniques for making non-contact Doppler radar sensing of cardiopulmonary activity a practical alternative or supplement to more cumbersome and invasive technologies that necessarily limit application. Recent work by the UHM PI and one Co-PI (Lubecke) to implement Doppler sensing by leveraging telecommunications technology, including the detection of heart and respiration signatures with wireless terminals, has attracted international attention for its potential. The second UHM Co-PI (Host-Madsen) is an established expert in statistical and communications signal processing with numerous publications in multi-user detection, estimation theory, and adaptive signal processing. The industry partner, BL, is widely considered the leader in the field of MIMO and other wireless systems technology. In related work, graduate students working with the PI have won three student paper competition awards in major IEEE MTT and EMB conferences. Broader Impact: The outcomes of this project can lead to valuable tools beneficial for society in the areas of health care, emergency response, military, and security operations. The research would present a particularly motivating educational opportunity that leverages Hawaii.s unique needs for remote healthcare tools, and reaches out to a diverse population of ethnic minority students that have been historically underserved by local educational and industrial opportunities. Thus, an important aspect of this program will be interactions of UHM students with BL industrial co-advisors, involving extended periods of training in the highly relevant fields of communications and bio-sensing engineering, beyond the limits of the University (and Hawaii), at BL in a world-class research environment. The partnership established will allow UHM students and faculty to complement UHM resources by leveraging BL.s considerable expertise and facilities without charge, including a broad range of wireless test systems.