An analysis of the sustainability of the spatial urban structure in pre-World War II Berlin

二战前柏林城市空间结构可持续性分析

• 批准号: 168531600
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Volker Nitsch
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Fachgebiet Internationale Wirtschaft
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/168531600?language=en
• 关键词: analysis; sustainability; spatial; urban; structure

The traditional theory of urban structure, as developed by Von Thünen (1826), Alonso (1964), Muth (1969), and Mills (1972), features an exogenously determined central location (core) that hosts all economic activity. New Urban Economics (NUE) accounts for more realistic settings. A range of new models has been recently developed that explain the emergence of sub-centers of cities and the functional segregation of commercial and residential land use within cities (Lucas and Rossi- Hansberg, 2002).This research project aims to provide a comprehensive empirical evaluation of NUE. The project examines detailed evidence from Berlin for the period 1871-1939. In particular, it is argued that the city of Berlin provides an excellent case study for analyzing the ideas of NUE. For one thing, the city represented a typical monocentric structure at the beginning of the 19th century and proved to be one of the most dynamic urban locations in continental Europe over the sample period. Berlin thereby offers one of the rare opportunities to track the evolution of a city’s structure from the onset of emerging (monocentric) functional segregation until its transformation into a polycentric structure. Moreover, relevant data (e.g., on land valuation) are readily available. As a result, the project will produce a unique body of historic data and evidence that, if at all, is only matched worldwide by the case of Chicago (e.g. Mcdonald, 1981, 1987; Mcdonald and Mcmillen, 1990; Mcmillen, 1990, 1994; Mcmillen, 1996; Mcmillen and Mcdonald, 2002, 2004).

冯·图宁(Von Thünen)(1826)、阿隆索(Alonso)(1964)、穆斯(Muth)(1969)和米尔斯(Mills)(1972)发展的传统城市结构理论，以外在确定的中心位置(核心)为特征，承载着所有的经济活动。新城市经济学(NUE)解释了更现实的背景。最近开发了一系列新的模型来解释城市副中心的出现和城市内商业和住宅用地的功能分离(Lucas和Rossi-Hansberg，2002)。本研究项目旨在对城市净效益进行全面的实证评估。该项目研究了1871年至1939年期间柏林的详细证据。特别是，有人认为，柏林市为分析民族团结思想提供了一个很好的案例研究。首先，这座城市在19世纪初代表了典型的单中心结构，并在样本期内被证明是欧洲大陆最具活力的城市之一。因此，柏林提供了一个难得的机会来跟踪一个城市结构的演变，从开始出现的(单中心)功能隔离到它向多中心结构的转变。此外，有关数据(例如有关土地估值的数据)亦已备妥。因此，该项目将产生一组独特的历史数据和证据，如果真的有的话，这些数据和证据只能在全世界范围内与芝加哥的案例相媲美(例如，麦克唐纳，1981,1987；麦克唐纳和麦克米伦，1990；麦克米伦，1990,1994；麦克米伦，1996；麦克米伦和麦克唐纳，2002,2004)。