Consequences of Changing Topography on Pyroclastic Flow Dispersal During the Current Active Cycle of Tungurahua, Ecuador

厄瓜多尔通古拉瓦当前活动旋回期间地形变化对火山碎屑流扩散的影响

• 批准号: 0439093
• 负责人: Michael Sheridan
• 金额: $ 24.53万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-01-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0439093&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Consequences; Changing; Topography; Pyroclastic; Flow

Tungurahua, a 5,023 m high volcano in Ecuador produces a catastrophic eruption approximately every 100 years. Since 1999, potential volcanic flows from the current eruption threaten the town of Banos (~20,000 inhabitants) that is located only 6 km from the summit. This study will show how rapid deposition and erosion related to this eruption change the local ground surface within valleys near populated areas. Computer simulations of volcanic flows will incorporate topographic changes to more accurately forecast the areas that could be affected by subsequent flows. This investigation will determine the consequences of these simulations on associated hazards by determining the pattern of historical activity, establishing the effects of continuous volcanic activity on evolution of valley geomorphology, and ascertaining the new hazards associated with changes in the valley configuration. This essentially is real-time hazard analysis. Additional broader impacts of this study will be to support field and laboratory work of one Ph.D. researcher and 3 undergraduate students from the University at Buffalo. The participation of students from underrepresented groups, especially of Hispanic background, will be encouraged. Students and professionals from Instituto Geofisico, Escuela Politecnica Nacional in Quito (IG-EPN) in Ecuador will also participate in work in an exchange between the two universities. Data from this project will be of particular interest to groups studying the broader-scale problem of hazards related to eruptions of similar volcanoes elsewhere.

通古拉瓦火山是厄瓜多尔的一座5,023米高的火山，大约每100年就会发生一次灾难性的喷发。自1999年以来，目前喷发的潜在火山流威胁着距离山顶仅6公里的巴诺斯镇（约20 000名居民）。这项研究将显示如何快速沉积和侵蚀有关的喷发改变了当地的地面在山谷附近的人口稠密地区。火山流的计算机模拟将纳入地形变化，以更准确地预测可能受后续流动影响的地区。这项调查将通过确定历史活动模式、确定持续火山活动对山谷地貌演变的影响以及确定与山谷形态变化有关的新危害，来确定这些模拟对相关危害的后果。这基本上是实时危险分析。本研究的其他更广泛的影响将是支持一名博士的现场和实验室工作。研究人员和3名来自布法罗大学的本科生。将鼓励来自代表性不足群体的学生，特别是西班牙裔背景的学生参加。来自厄瓜多尔基多国立理工学院（IG-EPN）的学生和专业人士也将参加两所大学之间的交流工作。研究与其他地方类似火山爆发有关的更大规模危害问题的团体将对该项目的数据特别感兴趣。