RCN Establishing a Seamount Biogeoscience Network (SBN)

RCN建立海山生物地球科学网络（SBN）

• 批准号: 0443337
• 负责人: Hubertus Staudigel
• 金额: $ 49.52万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-10-01 至 2011-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0443337&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RCN; Establishing; Seamount; Biogeoscience; Network

This grant is for the establishment of a seamount research coordination network to be known as the "Seamount Biogeosciences Network (SBN)" for communication and scientific collaboration, data archiving and integration and for sharing of seagoing logistical operations. Seamounts, submerged isolated mountains in the oceans, are amongst the most diverse and still most poorly understood marine biological environments. They are formed by a range of geological processes and may be found at any ocean latitude, depth and environment. Most seamounts are volcanoes that eventually may grow to become ocean islands or reefs. Seamounts travel with tectonic plates away from their site of origin, often by thousands of miles, and then subside as the plate cools with age. This makes seamounts the oldest intact mountains on Earth. They remain in isolation for up to 150 million of years, each one of them an experiment in benthic life evolution within distinct geological boundary conditions. Seamounts offer access of benthic life to a range of mid-water conditions, from deep nutrient rich currents to shallow water. Initial biological studies reveal that seamounts display extreme biodiversity. This offers unique opportunities to identify and explore novel microorganisms, and to study their physiology, biochemistry and genomics in well constrained settings.Seamount research involves many scientific disciplines (e.g. oceanography and volcanology) that only rarely communicate with each other, but biology has much to gain from interfacing with the whole spectrum. Overcoming these challenges of interdisciplinary integration are important to successful biological exploration of the interface between the hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere. The goal of the SBN is to bring together all the diverse scientific disciplines involved in seamount research, to communicate about and discuss seamount science, and to ease or share the logistical burden of field expeditions. Key components of this network include regular workshops, and the development of a community website and a database that integrates a wide range of seamount data.

这笔赠款用于建立一个海山研究协调网络，称为“海山生物地球科学网络”，以进行通信和科学合作、数据存档和整合，并分享海上后勤业务。 海山是海洋中淹没在水下的孤立山脉，是海洋生物环境中最多样化但仍然最不为人所知的环境之一。它们是由一系列地质过程形成的，可以在任何海洋纬度、深度和环境中找到。大多数海山是火山，最终可能会成长为海洋岛屿或珊瑚礁。海山随构造板块移动，远离它们的起源地，通常是数千英里，然后随着板块随着年龄的增长而冷却而下沉。这使得海山成为地球上最古老的完整山脉。 它们保持孤立长达1.5亿年，每一个都是在不同的地质边界条件下进行的底栖生物进化实验。海山为底栖生物提供了从富含营养的深海洋流到浅水的各种中层水条件。 初步生物研究表明，海山显示出极端的生物多样性。 这为确定和探索新的微生物以及在严格限制的环境中研究其生理学、生物化学和基因组学提供了独特的机会，海山研究涉及许多科学学科（例如海洋学和火山学），这些学科之间很少相互联系，但生物学可以从与整个范围的联系中获益匪浅。克服这些跨学科整合的挑战对于成功地对水圈、岩石圈和生物圈之间的界面进行生物探索至关重要。 该网络的目标是汇集海山研究所涉的各种科学学科，交流和讨论海山科学，减轻或分担实地考察的后勤负担。该网络的关键组成部分包括定期研讨会以及开发社区网站和整合广泛海山数据的数据库。