SGER: Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Influence on Surface Wind Stress in Climate Models

模拟地球的气候系统关键取决于准确表示海气界面的相互作用，海洋的影响在那里传递到大气层。海洋-大气相互作用的一个强有力的表现是海表温度（SST）和表面风应力之间的关系。在地面风斜穿过SST锋的区域（例如，在热带太平洋东部冷舌上），SST引起的大气边界层结构和稳定性的变化改变了风应力。这种SST影响在风应力辐散和旋度中最为明显（总环流的两个分量的测量），已被证明与SST梯度的顺风和顺风分量线性相关，本研究的目的是通过分析美国气候模式产生的全球地面风应力和SST场来研究这种耦合政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）科学评估。将通过比较模拟的SST和风应力场与从5年SST和风应力卫星测量中推导出的关系来评估这种海洋-大气耦合的模式表示的适当性。更广泛的影响：如果成功，这项研究应能更好地了解大规模的海洋-大气相互作用，并改进对这些相互作用的不适当表述所造成的预测不确定性的估计。这些成果有利于环境管理者和决策者，从而有利于社会活动。

Simulating the Earth's climate system is critically dependent on accurate representation of interactions at the air-sea interface where the effects of the ocean are communicated to the atmosphere. A robust manifestation of this ocean-atmosphere interaction is the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and surface wind stress. In regions where surface winds blow obliquely across SST fronts (e.g., over the cold tongue in the eastern tropical Pacific), the wind stress is modified by SST-induced changes in the structure and stability of the atmospheric boundary layer. This SST influence is most clearly evident in the wind stress divergence and curl (measures of two components of the total circulation), which have been shown to be linearly related to the downwind and crosswind components of the SST gradient, respectively.The objective of this study is to investigate this coupling from analyses of the global surface wind stress and SST fields generated by the U.S. climate models that have been developed for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) science assessment. The adequacies of the model representations of this ocean-atmosphere coupling will be assessed by comparing the relationships between the simulated SST and wind stress fields with the relationships deduced from 5 years of satellite measurements of SST and wind stress. Broader Impacts: If successful, this research should provide better understanding of large-scale ocean-atmosphere interactions and improved estimates of uncertainty in prediction that result from improper representations of those interactions. These outcomes benefit environment managers and decision-makers, and thus, societal activities.