CAREER: Models and Cryptographic Protocols for Unstructured, Decentralized Systems

题目：职业：非结构化、去中心化系统的加密协议模型机构：马里兰大学，学院公园项目负责人：Katz， jonathan摘要获奖摘要：非结构化、去中心化系统——包括ad-hoc/传感器网络和点对点网络——正在成为计算机科学研究的中心焦点。确保这些系统安全的方法至关重要；然而，这些系统与经典的分布式系统（相比之下，后者更加“结构化”和组织良好）有明显的不同，因此当前的加密模型和机制根本不足以满足所有的安全需求。这项工作旨在为这一新领域提供坚实的理论基础以及新颖的密码协议和原语。具体而言，研究重点是：(1)用于正式推理和严格证明非结构化分散系统中各种应用程序的安全性的新模型；(2)系统内的“信任”和“声誉”问题；(3)新的加密协议强调效率（对于资源有限的设备的潜在使用，例如，自组织网络）以及在多用户分布式环境中出现的新的安全问题（例如匿名性）。作为这项工作的一部分，所开发的模型和技术预计将广泛适用于许多分布式系统中出现的安全问题，希望这项工作将成为该领域未来研究的推动力，同时提供合适的工具和框架，以便进行此类研究。研究结果将被纳入研究生课程，并在马里兰大学组织的“加密阅读小组”上展示；它们将在会议上和通过公开提供的讲稿进一步向广大听众传播。

TITLE: CAREER: Models of Cryptographic Protocols for Unstructured, Decentralized SystemsINSTITUTION: University of Maryland, College ParkPRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Katz, JonathanPROPOSAL NUMBER: CNS-0447075 ABSTRACT FOR AWARDUnstructured, decentralized systems --- including ad-hoc/sensor networks and peer-to-peer networks --- are emerging as a central focus of computer science research. Methods for securing these systems are critical; however, these systems differ markedly from classical distributed systems (which are, in comparison, more ``structured'' and well-organized) and thus current cryptographic models and mechanisms are simply not sufficient for addressing the full range of security requirements.This work aims to provide solid theoretical foundations as well as novel cryptographic protocols and primitives for this new area. In particular, research focuses on (1) new models for formally reasoning about, and rigorously proving the security of, various applications within unstructured, decentralized systems; (2) issues of ``trust'' and ``reputation'' within such systems; and (3) new cryptographic protocols emphasizing both efficiency (for potential use by resource-limited devices within, e.g., ad-hoc networks) as well as new security concerns (such as anonymity) arising in multi-user distributed environments.The models and techniques developed as part of this work are expected to be broadly applicable to security problems arising in many distributed systems, and it is hoped that this work will serve as an impetus for future research in this area, while providing suitable tools and frameworks within which such research can be performed. Results will be incorporated into graduate-level courses and presented at a ``crypto reading group'' being organized at the University of Maryland; they will be further disseminated to a wide audience at conferences and via publicly-available lecture notes.