Collaborative Research Project: Pilot Hydrologic Measurement Facility

为了更全面地了解水文学，包括整个水文循环以及水文学在相关环境和地球科学中的作用，水文学科学界成立了水文科学促进大学联盟(CUAHSI)。CUAHSI编制了一项科学议程，将大气、地表、地下水和地表水各分学科之间的传统边界之间的界面确定为最有希望的研究领域。只有在更大的空间尺度上采用多学科方法，以获得比过去通常所做的一致的数据集，才能取得实质性进展。为了实现这一目标，CUAHSI设想了四个相互支持的基础设施要素：1)一个水文观测站网络，2)一个信息系统，3)一个测量技术方案，以及4)一个水文综合设施。该项目要求资金为这些设施的开发和管理提供核心支持，并启动观测站和综合设施。由于水文科学界以前从未尝试过这种规模的协调研究，我们建议从单一河流流域(水文观测站)的“纸质原型”开始，旨在解决精心挑选的一小组特定假设，以产生将提供稳健的盆地特征的数据集。因此，将出现一个足够回答重要问题的数据集，并且足够广泛，足以用于许多研究。该原型将确定在单一流域协调研究所产生的科学和经济协同效应。第二项拟议的活动是启动一个水文综合设施，设想成为一个地方，来自不同学科的水文科学家可以方便地以较低的边际成本聚集在一起，解决该领域的核心问题。提出了一个设计该设施的研讨会，并为一个初步综合项目提供资金，其中包括一场选拔比赛。该项目将通过提供目前社区无法获得的设施，使水文科学能够取得根本性的进步。选择这些活动是为了提供最大的投资回报，将水文科学推向一个新的理解水平。改进对水文的理解对社会的好处是多方面的，包括更可靠的条件预报和更明智的水资源管理。

0447287HooperTo achieve a more comprehensive understanding of hydrology that embraces the full hydrologic cycle as well as the role of hydrology in related environmental and earth sciences, the hydrologic science community formed the Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI). CUAHSI has prepared a science agenda that identifies the interfaces among traditional boundaries among the atmosphere, land surface, groundwater and surface-water subdisciplines as the most promising areas for research. Substantive progress will only be achieved with multidisciplinary approaches applied at larger spatial scales to obtain coherent data sets than have typically been done in the past. CUAHSI envisages four mutually supportive infrastructure elements to meet this goal: 1) a network of hydrologic observatories, 2) an information system, 3) a measurement technologies program, and 4) a hydrologic synthesis facility. This project requests funds to provide a core support for the development and management of these facilities as well as to initiate the observatories and synthesis facility.Because this scale of coordinated research has not been previously attempted by the hydrologic science community, we propose to begin with a 'paper prototype' of a single river basin (a hydrologic observatory) designed to address a small set of specific hypotheses carefully chosen to yield a data set that will provide a robust characterization of the basin. Thus a data set sufficient to answer important questions and broad enough to be useful for many studies will emerge. The prototype will identify both the scientific and economic synergies from coordinating research in a single river basin. The Neuse River has been chosen as the site for this prototype.The second proposed activity is to initiate a hydrologic synthesis facility, envisioned as a place where hydrologic scientists from various disciplines can come together conveniently and at low marginal cost to tackle central problems in the field. A workshop to design the facility and funding for an initial synthesis project, including a competition for its selection, are proposed.This project will permit hydrologic science to make fundamental advances by providing facilities with capabilities currently unavailable to the community. These activities have been chosen to provide the greatest return on investment to move hydrologic science to a new plane of understanding. The benefits to society of improved hydrologic understanding are manifold, including more reliable forecasting of conditions and wiser management of water resources.