COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: From Data to Users: A Prototype Open Modeling Framework

因为地球是一个复杂的耦合相互作用系统，没有一个元素是独立的，有迫切的科学和社会需求来提高我们对地球表面系统中各种物理、生物和水文过程如何相互作用的理解。这需要开发新的、越来越复杂的数学方法来描述这些系统，并改进软件和用户界面，这将极大地增强我们模拟这些系统的能力，以提高模型预测天气、洪水、干旱和气候变化的准确性和可靠性。这种改进的模型将使研究人员能够更好地利用跨学科的可用数据，并改进对理解地球系统行为至关重要的理论和算法。不幸的是，目前需要花费大量的时间和精力来发现、访问、理解和准备填充这些模型所需的数据，并且由于模型的复杂性，在如何使用当前可用的模型方面需要花费很长的学习时间。本研究通过开发一种创新的开放式建模框架克服了其中的一些限制，该框架可以轻松地集成数据和模型，并且易于使用，因此不仅研究界和业务专业人员可以使用它，而且政策制定者和其他感兴趣的各方也可以使用它。该EAGER奖项允许构建一个原型开放元建模框架，大大减少用户在数据和模型比较、模型测试和验证的准备工作中的时间和精力，从而在地表水和地下水水文系统中进行基础知识发现。在该框架中，组件/模块通过用户配置的开放接口进行交互，允许使用通用元级架构和科学工作流程添加和集成水文模型和数据源。提出的原型是基于最近完成的建模框架HS-NWSRFS（用于改进国家气象局河流预报系统的水文信息系统）。它代表了来自NASA和NWS俄亥俄河预报中心（OHRFC）三个机构的研究人员之间的合作。这项资助的工作将显著地将现有代码扩展为开放社区框架原型。这项工作的更广泛影响包括机构间合作、改善河流水文预报，以及支持在科学领域性别代表性不足的PI。

Because Earth is a complex coupled interacting system, where no one element is independent of any other, there are both pressing scientific and societal needs to improve our understanding how various physical, biological, and hydrological processes interact in surface Earth systems. This requires the development of new and increasingly more sophisticated ways of mathematically describing these systems and improvements in software and user interfaces that will dramatically enhance our ability to simulate these systems to improve the accuracy and reliability of model predictions of weather, floods, droughts, and climate variability. Such improved models will allow researchers to make better use of available data across disciplines and improve theory and algorithms that are essential to understanding Earth system behavior. Unfortunately, at present there is significant overhead of time and effort needed for discovering, accessing, understanding, and preparing data required to populate these models, as well as long learning lead times on how to use presently available models, owing to their complexity. This research overcomes some of these limitations by developing an innovative open modeling framework that can integrate data and models easily and is easy to use so that not only the research community and operational professionals can use it, but also policy makers and other interested parties. This EAGER award allows the construction of a prototype open meta-modeling framework that significantly reduces the time and effort on the part of users in the preparatory work for data and model comparisons, model testing and validations, for making fundamental knowledge discoveries in surface and ground water hydrological systems. In this framework, components/modules interact via user-configured open interfaces that allow the addition and integration of hydrological models and data sources using a common meta-level architecture and scientific workflows. The proposed prototype is based on a recently completed modeling framework, HS-NWSRFS (Hydro-information System for improving the National Weather Service River Forecast System). It represents a collaboration between investigators from three institutions, NASA, and NWS Ohio River Forecast Center (OHRFC). The funded effort will significantly expand the present code into an open community framework prototype. Broader impacts of the work include interagency collaboration, improved hydrological forecasting for rivers, and support of a PI whose gender is under-represented in the sciences.