Geoinformatics: Development of Community-Based Ontology and Standards for Hydrologic Data Discovery and Exchange

地理信息学：基于社区的本体论和水文数据发现和交换标准的开发

• 批准号: 0949196
• 负责人: Richard Hooper
• 金额: $ 120.41万
• 依托单位: Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Sci
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-10-01 至 2014-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0949196&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Geoinformatics; Development; Community; Based; Ontology

The Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc. (CUAHSI) has been involved in the development of Water Data Services (WDS) through the CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems (HIS) project. The vision for WDS is to bring together the nation's (and, potentially, the earth's) water data in a federated system of servers linked using a services-oriented architecture. CUAHSI WDS is used by both academic researchers and by government data providers at both the Federal and State levels. A critical challenge in achieving this vision is understanding and reconciling structural and semantic differences across publishers of hydrologic data. The HIS project achieved interoperability between different data repositories by developing a common relational schema (Observations Data Model, ODM V1.1), an XML schema for exchanging hydrologic observations (Water Markup Language, WaterML V1.0), and a prototype ontology (V1.0) of hydrologic concepts that is used for data discovery purposes. Experience has shown that the prototypes for WaterML and the ontology are in need of further development. The prototype ontology provided semantic mediation among measured properties, but as this ontology was applied to more diverse data holdings, it became apparent that i) semantic heterogeneity continued to exist at various levels, including sampled media, sampling environment, chemical speciation, and units, that ii) the ontology needs to cover a wider range of parameters (such as those from the EPA Substance Registry System), and that iii) the development of semantic knowledge needs to be put on a much broader community base. WaterML has proven to be of great utility as a standardized way for transferring water information, but needs to be moved through a formalized standardization process. This project will address the underlying semantic problem through the development of a more comprehensive, extensible ontology that harmonizes the more generic information model contained within ODM with those from various existing federal information sources. This includes the development of a community process for an evolving hydrologic ontology. In addition, WaterML, which has been adopted by USGS and NCDC, will be extended to reflect this more generic information model. The project will contribute to forming an international standard. The fundamental goal of the project is the organization of hydrologic concepts in a way that allows publishers to describe their data unambiguously and helps users to discover data easily yet with a precise understanding of the properties measured and their context.

水文科学公司（CUAHSI）的发展联盟通过CUAHSI水文信息系统（HIS）项目参与了水数据服务（WDS）的开发。 WD的愿景是将国家（可能是地球）水数据汇集到使用面向服务的建筑链接的服务器系统中。学术研究人员以及联邦和州一级的政府数据提供商都使用了Cuahsi WD。实现这一愿景的一个关键挑战是理解和调和水文数据发行商之间的结构和语义差异。他的项目通过开发常见的关系模式（观测数据模型，ODM v1.1），用于交换水文观察的XML架构（水标记语言，WaterML v1.0）以及原型（V1.0）的水平概念（V1.0），通过开发常见的关系模型（ODM v1.1），实现了不同的数据存储库之间的互操作性。 Experience has shown that the prototypes for WaterML and the ontology are in need of further development. The prototype ontology provided semantic mediation among measured properties, but as this ontology was applied to more diverse data holdings, it became apparent that i) semantic heterogeneity continued to exist at various levels, including sampled media, sampling environment, chemical speciation, and units, that ii) the ontology needs to cover a wider range of parameters (such as those from the EPA Substance Registry System), and that iii) the development of semantic知识需要放在更广泛的社区基础上。 事实证明，WaterML是传输水信息的标准化方法，但需要通过正式的标准化过程进行移动。该项目将通过开发更全面，更广泛的本体论来解决潜在的语义问题，该本体本体将ODM中包含的更通用的信息模型与来自现有联邦各种联邦信息源的信息源相吻合。这包括开发不断发展的水文本体论的社区过程。 此外，USGS和NCDC采用的WaterML将扩展以反映这种更通用的信息模型。该项目将有助于建立国际标准。该项目的基本目标是组织水文概念的组织，该方式使出版商可以明确地描述其数据，并通过对所测量的属性及其上下文的精确理解来轻松地发现数据。